prof. dr hab. Jerzy Dzik (professor emeritus)
Scientific interests
- Phylogenetics of invertebrates and primal chordates
- Methodology of reproducing the evolution and its fossil record on the population level
- Climatology and paleoecology of the Paleozoic ice ages
Selected publications
2024
Dzik, Jerzy
A variety of meroms and affinity of receptaculitids Journal Article
In: Lethaia, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 1-8, 2024, ISSN: 1502-3931.
@article{DZIK2024,
title = {A variety of meroms and affinity of receptaculitids},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
doi = {10.18261/let.57.2.7},
issn = {1502-3931},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-21},
urldate = {2024-06-20},
journal = {Lethaia},
volume = {57},
number = {2},
pages = {1-8},
publisher = {Scandinavian University Press / Universitetsforlaget AS},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Aplacophoran traits in the late Ordovician septemchitonid polyplacophorans Journal Article
In: Journal of Morphology, vol. 285, no. 5, pp. e21700, 2024.
@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21700,
title = {Aplacophoran traits in the late Ordovician septemchitonid polyplacophorans},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jmor.21700},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/jmor.21700},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-05-08},
urldate = {2024-05-22},
journal = {Journal of Morphology},
volume = {285},
number = {5},
pages = {e21700},
abstract = {Abstract A sample of phosphatized, originally calcareous, mollusk shells from the Katian age uppermost Mójcza Limestone at its type locality yielded a few hundred polyplacophoran plates. The chelodids are very rare among them. Three septemchitonid species dominate. They represent a gradation from underived steep roof-like plates to almost cylindrical ones, leaving only a narrow ventral slit for the foot. Apparently, this represents the first step toward the extremely derived ‘segmented clam’ Bauplan of the Silurian Carnicoleus, with plates completely closed at the venter except for the mouth and anal openings. To enable growth, the plates became thinner and more flexible (or perhaps resorbed) along the dorsum. The tendency toward reduction of the ventral gap of the plates in the early Paleozoic septemchitonid polyplacophorans implies their lack of ability to cling to the substrate with a muscular foot. In compensation, their plates changed toward a more efficient protective function, covering the animal body sides more and more completely. This may explain the origin of the ventral furrow of extant solenogasters hiding the rudimentary foot. An opposite route was chosen by the coeval Acaenoplax lineage, in which the plates did not contact each other, exposing much of the soft body on the dorsum. In both cases the animals appeared to be worm-like, perhaps representing different ways of evolution from the Paleozoic chitons to the extant aplacophorans.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Abstract A sample of phosphatized, originally calcareous, mollusk shells from the Katian age uppermost Mójcza Limestone at its type locality yielded a few hundred polyplacophoran plates. The chelodids are very rare among them. Three septemchitonid species dominate. They represent a gradation from underived steep roof-like plates to almost cylindrical ones, leaving only a narrow ventral slit for the foot. Apparently, this represents the first step toward the extremely derived ‘segmented clam’ Bauplan of the Silurian Carnicoleus, with plates completely closed at the venter except for the mouth and anal openings. To enable growth, the plates became thinner and more flexible (or perhaps resorbed) along the dorsum. The tendency toward reduction of the ventral gap of the plates in the early Paleozoic septemchitonid polyplacophorans implies their lack of ability to cling to the substrate with a muscular foot. In compensation, their plates changed toward a more efficient protective function, covering the animal body sides more and more completely. This may explain the origin of the ventral furrow of extant solenogasters hiding the rudimentary foot. An opposite route was chosen by the coeval Acaenoplax lineage, in which the plates did not contact each other, exposing much of the soft body on the dorsum. In both cases the animals appeared to be worm-like, perhaps representing different ways of evolution from the Paleozoic chitons to the extant aplacophorans.
2022
Dzik, Jerzy; Phong, Nguyen Duc; Thuy, Nguyen Thi; Swiś, Przemyslaw
Evolution and migration of conodonts and ammonoids near the end of Devonian recorded in distant localities Journal Article
In: Stratigraphy, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 27-50, 2022.
@article{Dzik2022,
title = {Evolution and migration of conodonts and ammonoids near the end of Devonian recorded in distant localities},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Nguyen Duc Phong and Nguyen Thi Thuy and Przemyslaw Swiś},
url = {https://www.micropress.org/microaccess/check/2272},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-03-15},
journal = {Stratigraphy},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {27-50},
abstract = {The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary is allegedly marked by one of the most catastrophic global extinctions associated with sedimentation of the Hangenberg black shale. A dense sampling of the Kowala section in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, challenges this view, showing that the faunal dynamics across the Hangenberg black shalewas not more dramatic than that across the preceding Kowala black shale. Quantitative analysis and biologically meaningful conodont apparatus study of the Kowala material offer probably the most complete record of faunal change in the latest Famennian and earliest Tournaisian among those sampled bed-by-bed for ammonoids and conodonts. It appears that the faunal dynamics of both cephalopods and conodonts was controlled by environmental changes that resulted in numerous immigrations and disappearances of particular lineages. Only a small fraction of lineages persisted long enough at the place, and transformed their morphology fast enough, to leave a record of their evolution. Most of the evolution apparently took place elsewhere. Locations of remote refugia where these lineages evolved in the time span bracketed by the Kowala and Hangenberg black shale events remain to be identified. Conodont apparatus study on geographically distant Vietnamese locality Cat Ba provides evidence that at least in the latest Famennian some conodont species unknown from Poland were present in Vietnam. Moreover, the contribution of species known from both localities to Polish and Vietnamese fossil assemblages was dramatically different.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Devonian-Carboniferous boundary is allegedly marked by one of the most catastrophic global extinctions associated with sedimentation of the Hangenberg black shale. A dense sampling of the Kowala section in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland, challenges this view, showing that the faunal dynamics across the Hangenberg black shalewas not more dramatic than that across the preceding Kowala black shale. Quantitative analysis and biologically meaningful conodont apparatus study of the Kowala material offer probably the most complete record of faunal change in the latest Famennian and earliest Tournaisian among those sampled bed-by-bed for ammonoids and conodonts. It appears that the faunal dynamics of both cephalopods and conodonts was controlled by environmental changes that resulted in numerous immigrations and disappearances of particular lineages. Only a small fraction of lineages persisted long enough at the place, and transformed their morphology fast enough, to leave a record of their evolution. Most of the evolution apparently took place elsewhere. Locations of remote refugia where these lineages evolved in the time span bracketed by the Kowala and Hangenberg black shale events remain to be identified. Conodont apparatus study on geographically distant Vietnamese locality Cat Ba provides evidence that at least in the latest Famennian some conodont species unknown from Poland were present in Vietnam. Moreover, the contribution of species known from both localities to Polish and Vietnamese fossil assemblages was dramatically different.
2021
Dzik, Jerzy
Protaspis larva of an aglaspidid-like arthropod from the Ordovician of Siberia and its habitat Journal Article
In: Arthropod Structure & Development, vol. 61, pp. 101026, 2021, ISSN: 1467-8039.
@article{DZIK2021101026,
title = {Protaspis larva of an aglaspidid-like arthropod from the Ordovician of Siberia and its habitat},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1467803920301493},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asd.2020.101026},
issn = {1467-8039},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Arthropod Structure & Development},
volume = {61},
pages = {101026},
abstract = {A fossil larva lacking segmentation of the calcified carapace, closely resembling the trilobite protaspis, has been found associated with other skeletal elements of an angarocaridid Girardevia species in the mid Darriwilian of central Siberia. The presence of protaspis larvae in the angarocaridids, generally believed to represent a branch of the Aglaspidida, supports their proximity to trilobites and proves a low position on the arthropod phylogenetic tree but does not necessarily contradict the chelicerate affinity. The cephalic appendages of angarocaridids bore massive gnathobases with detachable spines, closely similar to those known in extant xiphosurans and in their probable Cambrian relatives. The stratigraphic succession of the angarocaridids, their phosphatized cuticle pieces being abundant in the Ordovician strata of Siberia, shows a gradual improvement of mechanical resistance of their carapaces, eventually resulting in a honeycomb structure. The associated benthic mollusc assemblage is dominated with the bellerophontids showing high mortality at metamorphosis and only the limpet-like Pterotheca, infaunal bivalves, and scaphopods being able to survive this in a substantial number. This suggests a strong selective pressure from predators equipped with well-skeletonised oral apparatuses able to crush mineralized body covers of their prey. Possibly, these were some of the associated conodonts of appropriate size and co-evolving towards their ability to crush more and more resistant cuticle. Less likely candidates for durophagy are endoceratid or orthoceratid cephalopods. Also the angarocaridids themselves, equipped with robust gnathobases of cephalic appendages, apparently predated on benthic shelly animals.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A fossil larva lacking segmentation of the calcified carapace, closely resembling the trilobite protaspis, has been found associated with other skeletal elements of an angarocaridid Girardevia species in the mid Darriwilian of central Siberia. The presence of protaspis larvae in the angarocaridids, generally believed to represent a branch of the Aglaspidida, supports their proximity to trilobites and proves a low position on the arthropod phylogenetic tree but does not necessarily contradict the chelicerate affinity. The cephalic appendages of angarocaridids bore massive gnathobases with detachable spines, closely similar to those known in extant xiphosurans and in their probable Cambrian relatives. The stratigraphic succession of the angarocaridids, their phosphatized cuticle pieces being abundant in the Ordovician strata of Siberia, shows a gradual improvement of mechanical resistance of their carapaces, eventually resulting in a honeycomb structure. The associated benthic mollusc assemblage is dominated with the bellerophontids showing high mortality at metamorphosis and only the limpet-like Pterotheca, infaunal bivalves, and scaphopods being able to survive this in a substantial number. This suggests a strong selective pressure from predators equipped with well-skeletonised oral apparatuses able to crush mineralized body covers of their prey. Possibly, these were some of the associated conodonts of appropriate size and co-evolving towards their ability to crush more and more resistant cuticle. Less likely candidates for durophagy are endoceratid or orthoceratid cephalopods. Also the angarocaridids themselves, equipped with robust gnathobases of cephalic appendages, apparently predated on benthic shelly animals.
2020
Świś, Przemysław; Dzik, Jerzy
The oral apparatus composition of the Early Carboniferous elictognathid conodont 'Siphonodella' Journal Article
In: Lethaia, 2020, (Publisher: Wiley).
@article{swis_oral_2020,
title = {The oral apparatus composition of the Early Carboniferous elictognathid conodont 'Siphonodella'},
author = {Przemysław Świś and Jerzy Dzik},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1111%2Flet.12406},
doi = {10.1111/let.12406},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Lethaia},
note = {Publisher: Wiley},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Decline in diversity of early Palaeozoic loosely coiled gastropod protoconchs Journal Article
In: Lethaia, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 32–46, 2020.
@article{dzik_decline_2020,
title = {Decline in diversity of early Palaeozoic loosely coiled gastropod protoconchs},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Lethaia},
volume = {53},
number = {1},
pages = {32--46},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Ewolucja. Twórcza moc selekcji Book
Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 2020, ISBN: 978-83-235-4105-9, (Publication Title: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego).
@book{dzik_ewolucja_2020,
title = {Ewolucja. Twórcza moc selekcji},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
isbn = {978-83-235-4105-9},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
publisher = {Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego},
address = {Warszawa},
note = {Publication Title: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Ordovician conodonts and the Tornquist Lineament Journal Article
In: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, vol. 549, 2020.
@article{dzik_ordovician_2020,
title = {Ordovician conodonts and the Tornquist Lineament},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology},
volume = {549},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Variability of conch morphology in a cephalopod species from the Cambrian to Ordovician transition strata of Siberia Journal Article
In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol. 65, pp. 149–165, 2020, (Publisher: Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Paleobiologii (Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences)).
@article{dzik_variability_2020,
title = {Variability of conch morphology in a cephalopod species from the Cambrian to Ordovician transition strata of Siberia},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {https://doi.org/10.4202%2Fapp.00674.2019},
doi = {10.4202/app.00674.2019},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},
volume = {65},
pages = {149--165},
note = {Publisher: Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Paleobiologii (Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2019
Piechowski, Rafał; Niedźwiedzki, Grzegorz; Tałanda, Mateusz
Unexpected bird-like features and high intraspecific variation in the braincase of the Triassic relative of dinosaurs Journal Article
In: Historical Biology, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 1065–1081, 2019, (Publisher: Taylor & Francis _eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1418339).
@article{piechowski_unexpected_2019,
title = {Unexpected bird-like features and high intraspecific variation in the braincase of the Triassic relative of dinosaurs},
author = {Rafał Piechowski and Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki and Mateusz Tałanda},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1418339},
doi = {10.1080/08912963.2017.1418339},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Historical Biology},
volume = {31},
number = {8},
pages = {1065--1081},
abstract = {Abstract Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Late Triassic (late Carnian) of Poland is a key taxon for understanding the evolution of early dinosaurs. High intraspecific variation observed in the S. opolensis braincase brings caution in taxonomic and diversity studies of early dinosauromorphs. The external and internal osteology of three almost complete braincases of S. opolensis show that this taxon shares several similarities with other early dinosauriforms, which supports a close relationship among these forms. However, the paroccipital processes of S. opolensis are directed ventrally like in birds, reaching the level of the ventral margin of the basioccipital condyle. In dinosauromorphs, these processes usually have an almost horizontal orientation (presumed to be the plesiomorphic condition). Modifications observed in birds and S. opolensis have resulted in the dorsoventral expansion of M. complexus and M. depressor mandibulae, which occupy the dorsolateral part of the posterior side of the skull. In adult birds, these muscles act strongly on the initial upstroke of the head during drinking. Therefore, the inferred condition of these muscles in S. opolensis may imply that Silesauridae evolved toward bird-like feeding behaviour.},
note = {Publisher: Taylor & Francis
_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2017.1418339},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Abstract Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Late Triassic (late Carnian) of Poland is a key taxon for understanding the evolution of early dinosaurs. High intraspecific variation observed in the S. opolensis braincase brings caution in taxonomic and diversity studies of early dinosauromorphs. The external and internal osteology of three almost complete braincases of S. opolensis show that this taxon shares several similarities with other early dinosauriforms, which supports a close relationship among these forms. However, the paroccipital processes of S. opolensis are directed ventrally like in birds, reaching the level of the ventral margin of the basioccipital condyle. In dinosauromorphs, these processes usually have an almost horizontal orientation (presumed to be the plesiomorphic condition). Modifications observed in birds and S. opolensis have resulted in the dorsoventral expansion of M. complexus and M. depressor mandibulae, which occupy the dorsolateral part of the posterior side of the skull. In adult birds, these muscles act strongly on the initial upstroke of the head during drinking. Therefore, the inferred condition of these muscles in S. opolensis may imply that Silesauridae evolved toward bird-like feeding behaviour.
2018
Dzik, Jerzy; Świś, Przemysław; Phong, Nguyen Duc
The Frasnian-Famennian boundary in Vietnam and evolutionary meaning of FADs and LADs Journal Article
In: Newsletters on Stratigraphy, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 327–342, 2018.
@article{dzik_frasnian-famennian_2018,
title = {The Frasnian-Famennian boundary in Vietnam and evolutionary meaning of FADs and LADs},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Przemysław Świś and Nguyen Duc Phong},
url = {https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/nos/detail/51/89285/The_Frasnian_Famennian_boundary_in_Vietnam_and_evolutionary_meaning_of_FADs_and_LADs},
doi = {10.1127/nos/2017/0418},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Newsletters on Stratigraphy},
volume = {51},
number = {3},
pages = {327--342},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2017
Skawiński, Tomasz; Ziegler, Maciej; Czepiński, Łukasz; Szermański, Marcin; Tałanda, Mateusz; Surmik, Dawid; Niedźwiedzki, Grzegorz
A re-evaluation of the historical ‘dinosaur’ remains from the Middle-Upper Triassic of Poland Journal Article
In: Historical Biology, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 442–472, 2017, (Publisher: Taylor & Francis _eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2016.1188385).
@article{skawinski_re-evaluation_2017,
title = {A re-evaluation of the historical ‘dinosaur’ remains from the Middle-Upper Triassic of Poland},
author = {Tomasz Skawiński and Maciej Ziegler and Łukasz Czepiński and Marcin Szermański and Mateusz Tałanda and Dawid Surmik and Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2016.1188385},
doi = {10.1080/08912963.2016.1188385},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Historical Biology},
volume = {29},
number = {4},
pages = {442--472},
abstract = {AbstractThe so-called historical Polish discoveries of Triassic ‘dinosaurs’ have been repeatedly cited in papers and popular science books. Here, we re-evaluate each historical and purported Triassic dinosaur find from Poland. Additionaly, we describe several supposed ‘dinosaur’ bones collected by Polish geologists but only briefly mentioned: in regional geological journals, on collection labels, or in field notes. We attempt to assign all investigated specimens to the least inclusive taxon possible. Our revision indicates that part of this material represents non-dinosaur archosauromorph taxa. Most of the analysed specimens are fragmentary bones or isolated teeth and are indistinguishable from skeletal elements described from other well-known Triassic archosauromorph taxa. We conclude that fossils of dinosauriforms are present in the Upper Triassic of Silesia and Holy Cross Mountains. New analysis of Velocipes guerichi von Huene, 1932 holotype specimen from Kocury shows that it is the proximal part of fibula of a medium-sized theropod (or even neotheropod). Formally undescribed part of dinosauriform limb bone from the Holy Cross Mountains and V. guerichi from Silesia are the only identifiable dinosauromorph skeletal remains recognised in the Polish Triassic discovered prior to the description of Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Upper Carnian of Krasiejów.},
note = {Publisher: Taylor & Francis
_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2016.1188385},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
AbstractThe so-called historical Polish discoveries of Triassic ‘dinosaurs’ have been repeatedly cited in papers and popular science books. Here, we re-evaluate each historical and purported Triassic dinosaur find from Poland. Additionaly, we describe several supposed ‘dinosaur’ bones collected by Polish geologists but only briefly mentioned: in regional geological journals, on collection labels, or in field notes. We attempt to assign all investigated specimens to the least inclusive taxon possible. Our revision indicates that part of this material represents non-dinosaur archosauromorph taxa. Most of the analysed specimens are fragmentary bones or isolated teeth and are indistinguishable from skeletal elements described from other well-known Triassic archosauromorph taxa. We conclude that fossils of dinosauriforms are present in the Upper Triassic of Silesia and Holy Cross Mountains. New analysis of Velocipes guerichi von Huene, 1932 holotype specimen from Kocury shows that it is the proximal part of fibula of a medium-sized theropod (or even neotheropod). Formally undescribed part of dinosauriform limb bone from the Holy Cross Mountains and V. guerichi from Silesia are the only identifiable dinosauromorph skeletal remains recognised in the Polish Triassic discovered prior to the description of Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Upper Carnian of Krasiejów.
Dzik, Jerzy
Biologia, czyli sens życia Book
Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 2017, ISBN: 978-83-235-2923-1.
@book{dzik_biologia_2017,
title = {Biologia, czyli sens życia},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {http://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323529231},
doi = {10.31338/uw.9788323529231},
isbn = {978-83-235-2923-1},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
publisher = {Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego},
address = {Warszawa},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Darwinian Evolution of the Human Body and Culture Book Section
In: Issues in Science and Theology: Are We Special?, pp. 55–77, Springer International Publishing, 2017.
@incollection{dzik_darwinian_2017,
title = {Darwinian Evolution of the Human Body and Culture},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-62124-1_5},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-62124-1_5},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {Issues in Science and Theology: Are We Special?},
pages = {55--77},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Dzik, Jerzy; Martyshyn, Andrej
Hydraulic sediment penetration and seasonal growth of petalonamean basal discs from the Vendian of Ukraine Journal Article
In: Precambrian Research, vol. 302, pp. 140–149, 2017.
@article{dzik_hydraulic_2017,
title = {Hydraulic sediment penetration and seasonal growth of petalonamean basal discs from the Vendian of Ukraine},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Andrej Martyshyn},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0301926817304631},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2017.09.024},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Precambrian Research},
volume = {302},
pages = {140--149},
abstract = {Around the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition, about 540 million years ago, marine organisms began to dig in the sediment that has resulted in its better ventilation and further expansion of infaunal life. Few vertical infaunal burrows are known from the Precambrian and they are usually attributed to sea anemones. Here we show that the enigmatic Ediacaran petalonamean ‘sea pens’ were able to penetrate sediment for more than one centimetre depth while anchoring the body in the microbial mat. Their growth, as evidenced by numerous well-preserved basal discs from the late Ediacaran Lomoziv Member of the Mohyliv Formation in Podolia, Ukraine, was under control of rhythmic sedimentation events and periodic microbial mat development. Size frequency distribution in classes of both the final disc size and growth retention stages show that their size increase was stepwise. Each discrete stage corresponds to deposition of a thin sediment layer and development of the microbial mat at its top. Podolia was located near the South Pole in the Ediacaran (Vendian) and such rhythmic sedimentation was probably connected with the local climate seasonality.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Around the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition, about 540 million years ago, marine organisms began to dig in the sediment that has resulted in its better ventilation and further expansion of infaunal life. Few vertical infaunal burrows are known from the Precambrian and they are usually attributed to sea anemones. Here we show that the enigmatic Ediacaran petalonamean ‘sea pens’ were able to penetrate sediment for more than one centimetre depth while anchoring the body in the microbial mat. Their growth, as evidenced by numerous well-preserved basal discs from the late Ediacaran Lomoziv Member of the Mohyliv Formation in Podolia, Ukraine, was under control of rhythmic sedimentation events and periodic microbial mat development. Size frequency distribution in classes of both the final disc size and growth retention stages show that their size increase was stepwise. Each discrete stage corresponds to deposition of a thin sediment layer and development of the microbial mat at its top. Podolia was located near the South Pole in the Ediacaran (Vendian) and such rhythmic sedimentation was probably connected with the local climate seasonality.
Dzik, Jerzy; Baliński, Andrzej; Sun, Yuanlin
The origin of tetraradial symmetry in cnidarians Journal Article
In: Lethaia, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 306–321, 2017.
@article{dzik_origin_2017,
title = {The origin of tetraradial symmetry in cnidarians},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Andrzej Baliński and Yuanlin Sun},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/let.12199},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/let.12199},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Lethaia},
volume = {50},
number = {2},
pages = {306--321},
abstract = {Serially arranged sets of eight septa‐like structures occur in the basal part of phosphatic tubes of Sphenothallus from the early Ordovician (early Floian) Fenxiang Formation in Hubei Province of China. They are similar in shape, location and number, to cusps in chitinous tubes of extant coronate scyphozoan polyps, which supports the widely accepted cnidarian affinity of this problematic fossil. However, unlike the recent Medusozoa, the tubes of Sphenothallus are flattened at later stages of development, showing biradial symmetry. Moreover, the septa (cusps) in Sphenothallus are obliquely arranged, which introduces a bilateral component to the tube symmetry. This makes Sphenothallus similar to the Early Cambrian Paiutitubulites, having similar septa but with even more apparent bilateral disposition. Biradial symmetry also characterizes the Early Cambrian tubular fossil Hexaconularia, showing a similarity to the conulariids. However, instead of being strictly tetraradial like conulariids, Hexaconularia shows hexaradial symmetry superimposed on the biradial one. A conulariid with a smooth test showing signs of the ‘origami’ plicated closure of the aperture found in the Fenxiang Formation supports the idea that tetraradial symmetry of conulariids resulted from geometrical constrains connected with this kind of closure. Its minute basal attachment surface makes it likely that the holdfasts characterizing Sphenothallus and advanced conulariids are secondary features. This concurs with the lack of any such holdfast in the earliest Cambrian Torellella, as well as in the possibly related Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites. Bilaterally arranged internal structures in polyps representing probably the oldest medusozoans support the suggestions based on developmental evidence that the ancestor of cnidarians also was a bilaterally symmetrical animal. This is one more example of fossil data that strictly fit the molecular phylogenetic evidence but not necessarily morphology‐based zoological interpretations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Serially arranged sets of eight septa‐like structures occur in the basal part of phosphatic tubes of Sphenothallus from the early Ordovician (early Floian) Fenxiang Formation in Hubei Province of China. They are similar in shape, location and number, to cusps in chitinous tubes of extant coronate scyphozoan polyps, which supports the widely accepted cnidarian affinity of this problematic fossil. However, unlike the recent Medusozoa, the tubes of Sphenothallus are flattened at later stages of development, showing biradial symmetry. Moreover, the septa (cusps) in Sphenothallus are obliquely arranged, which introduces a bilateral component to the tube symmetry. This makes Sphenothallus similar to the Early Cambrian Paiutitubulites, having similar septa but with even more apparent bilateral disposition. Biradial symmetry also characterizes the Early Cambrian tubular fossil Hexaconularia, showing a similarity to the conulariids. However, instead of being strictly tetraradial like conulariids, Hexaconularia shows hexaradial symmetry superimposed on the biradial one. A conulariid with a smooth test showing signs of the ‘origami’ plicated closure of the aperture found in the Fenxiang Formation supports the idea that tetraradial symmetry of conulariids resulted from geometrical constrains connected with this kind of closure. Its minute basal attachment surface makes it likely that the holdfasts characterizing Sphenothallus and advanced conulariids are secondary features. This concurs with the lack of any such holdfast in the earliest Cambrian Torellella, as well as in the possibly related Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites. Bilaterally arranged internal structures in polyps representing probably the oldest medusozoans support the suggestions based on developmental evidence that the ancestor of cnidarians also was a bilaterally symmetrical animal. This is one more example of fossil data that strictly fit the molecular phylogenetic evidence but not necessarily morphology‐based zoological interpretations.
2016
Dzik, J; Sulej, T
An Early Late Triassic Long-Necked Reptile with a Bony Pectoral Shield and Gracile Appendages Journal Article
In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 805–823, 2016.
@article{dzik_early_2016,
title = {An Early Late Triassic Long-Necked Reptile with a Bony Pectoral Shield and Gracile Appendages},
author = {J Dzik and T Sulej},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},
volume = {61},
number = {4},
pages = {805--823},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, J; Baliński, A; Sun, Y
An Early Ordovician clonal organism from China with a zig-zagged suture on branches Journal Article
In: Bulletin of Geosciences, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 319–329, 2016.
@article{dzik_early_2016-1,
title = {An Early Ordovician clonal organism from China with a zig-zagged suture on branches},
author = {J Dzik and A Baliński and Y Sun},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Bulletin of Geosciences},
volume = {91},
number = {2},
pages = {319--329},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, J; Phong, N D
Dating of Cambrian-Ordovician boundary strata in northernmost Vietnam and methodological aspects of evolutionary biostratigraphic inference Journal Article
In: Stratigraphy, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 83–93, 2016.
@article{dzik_dating_2016,
title = {Dating of Cambrian-Ordovician boundary strata in northernmost Vietnam and methodological aspects of evolutionary biostratigraphic inference},
author = {J Dzik and N D Phong},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Stratigraphy},
volume = {13},
number = {2},
pages = {83--93},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy; Moskalenko, Tamara A.
Problematic scale-like fossils from the Ordovician of Siberia with possible affinities to vertebrates Journal Article
In: Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie - Abhandlungen, vol. 279, no. 3, pp. 251–260, 2016.
@article{dzik_problematic_2016,
title = {Problematic scale-like fossils from the Ordovician of Siberia with possible affinities to vertebrates},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Tamara A. Moskalenko},
url = {https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/njgpa/detail/279/85596/Problematic_scale_like_fossils_from_the_Ordovician_of_Siberia_with_possible_affinities_to_vertebrates},
doi = {10.1127/njgpa/2016/0553},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie - Abhandlungen},
volume = {279},
number = {3},
pages = {251--260},
abstract = {Microtomography and sectioning of the morphologically variable scales of Kodinskaspis angarensis gen. et sp. nov. from the Mamyry Formation of the Irkutsk Basin of Siberia (early Mid Ordovician, 460 Ma) show that their formation started from minute conical thin-walled units (cusps). The whole body of the cusp, as well as the structurally identical phosphatic lamellar tissue common for the whole scale, was secreted basally. V-shaped series of cusps accreted to the anterior margin of the scale during its growth. The mineral tissue of the Siberian scales resembles atubular dentine of some Late Ordovician to Early Silurian (450-440 Ma) fish scales from the same region of the world, associated with regular dentine or bone. A tissue similar in structure, secretion mode and location is known also in conodonts, referred to as the basal body tissue. Its homology with dentine finds some support from this new evidence. It is suggested that the new finding represents the geologically oldest and morphologically simplest member of the Siberian tesakoviaspidids. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Microtomography and sectioning of the morphologically variable scales of Kodinskaspis angarensis gen. et sp. nov. from the Mamyry Formation of the Irkutsk Basin of Siberia (early Mid Ordovician, 460 Ma) show that their formation started from minute conical thin-walled units (cusps). The whole body of the cusp, as well as the structurally identical phosphatic lamellar tissue common for the whole scale, was secreted basally. V-shaped series of cusps accreted to the anterior margin of the scale during its growth. The mineral tissue of the Siberian scales resembles atubular dentine of some Late Ordovician to Early Silurian (450-440 Ma) fish scales from the same region of the world, associated with regular dentine or bone. A tissue similar in structure, secretion mode and location is known also in conodonts, referred to as the basal body tissue. Its homology with dentine finds some support from this new evidence. It is suggested that the new finding represents the geologically oldest and morphologically simplest member of the Siberian tesakoviaspidids.
2015
Dzik, Jerzy
Evolutionary roots of the conodonts with increased number of elements in the apparatus Journal Article
In: Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 29–53, 2015.
@article{dzik_evolutionary_2015,
title = {Evolutionary roots of the conodonts with increased number of elements in the apparatus},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh},
volume = {106},
number = {1},
pages = {29--53},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy; Martyshyn, Andrej
Taphonomy of the Ediacaran Podolimirus and associated dipleurozoans from the Vendian of Ukraine Journal Article
In: Precambrian Research, vol. 269, pp. 139–146, 2015.
@article{dzik_taphonomy_2015,
title = {Taphonomy of the Ediacaran Podolimirus and associated dipleurozoans from the Vendian of Ukraine},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Andrej Martyshyn},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Precambrian Research},
volume = {269},
pages = {139--146},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Zoologia. Różnorodność i pokrewieństwa zwierząt Book
Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 2015, ISBN: 978-83-235-1926-3, (Publication Title: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego).
@book{dzik_zoologia_2015,
title = {Zoologia. Różnorodność i pokrewieństwa zwierząt},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {http://doi.org/10.31338/uw.9788323519263},
doi = {10.31338/uw.9788323519263},
isbn = {978-83-235-1926-3},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
publisher = {Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego},
address = {Warszawa},
note = {Publication Title: Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
2014
Baliński, Andrzej; Sun, Yuanlin; Dzik, Jerzy
Probable advanced hydroid from the Early Ordovician of China Journal Article
In: Palaontologische Zeitschrift, vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2014.
@article{balinski_probable_2014,
title = {Probable advanced hydroid from the Early Ordovician of China},
author = {Andrzej Baliński and Yuanlin Sun and Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Palaontologische Zeitschrift},
volume = {88},
number = {1},
pages = {1--10},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Piechowski, Rafał; Tałanda, Mateusz; Dzik, Jerzy
Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic Dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis Journal Article
In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1383–1393, 2014.
@article{piechowski_skeletal_2014b,
title = {Skeletal variation and ontogeny of the Late Triassic Dinosauriform Silesaurus opolensis},
author = {Rafał Piechowski and Mateusz Tałanda and Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology},
volume = {34},
number = {6},
pages = {1383--1393},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2013
Dzik, Jerzy; Mazurek, Dawid
Affinities of the alleged earliest Cambrian gastropod Aldanella Journal Article
In: Canadian Journal of Zoology, vol. 91, no. 12, pp. 914–923, 2013.
@article{dzik_affinities_2013,
title = {Affinities of the alleged earliest Cambrian gastropod Aldanella},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Dawid Mazurek},
url = {https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/cjz-2013-0119},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Canadian Journal of Zoology},
volume = {91},
number = {12},
pages = {914--923},
abstract = {Unlike true Palaeozoic gastropods, but similar to some coeval hyoliths, the cup-like hemispherical embryonic shell of Aldanella attleborensis (Shaler and Foerste, 1888) from the earliest Cambrian (early Tommotian) Erkeket Formation of northern Siberia bears a mucro. Also, the pattern of mortality, with right-skewed distribution and a peak at about 1.0 mm diameter, is not similar to that of early Palaeozoic gastropods; there is no evidence of metamorphosis that would end the pelagic larval stage of ontogeny. Specimens of larger size are rare in samples of phosphatized “small shelly fossils” but are known in related species of the genus, of up to 3–5 mm diameter. A phosphatized soft body is preserved in a few specimens of A. attleborensis, one bearing possible chaetae of about 5 μm diameter. Such bunches of chaetae arming locomotory organs were earlier identified in the genus Pelagiella Matthew, 1895, a more derived member of the same lineage. It shares with the genus Aldanella Vostokova, 1962 also the mucronate embryonic shell and acicular aragonitic shell wall microstructure. The presence of chaetae-bearing organs suggests pelagic mode of life of pelagiellids at maturity. Middle Cambrian Pelagiella shells reached 7 mm in diameter, suggesting evolutionary increase in mature size. Embryonic shell morphology, wall microstructure, and the presence of locomotory organs with a fan of chaetae contradicts gastropod, and even conchiferan affinity of the pelagiellids, but together with the pattern of ontogeny conforms to the enigmatic Palaeozoic hyoliths. They differ in having opercula closing the shell apertures and in lacking evidence of chaetae. The helens, paired apertural appendages of possible locomotory function occurring in apertures of some of them, do not reveal any similarity to chaetae in their development. We propose classifying the order Pelagiellida in the class Hyolitha rather than in the class Gastropoda, until its phylogenetic position is clarified. Such understood hyoliths may represent the earliest stage in evolution of molluscs, immediately following initial diversification of the spiralians (lophotrochozoans) into phyla.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Unlike true Palaeozoic gastropods, but similar to some coeval hyoliths, the cup-like hemispherical embryonic shell of Aldanella attleborensis (Shaler and Foerste, 1888) from the earliest Cambrian (early Tommotian) Erkeket Formation of northern Siberia bears a mucro. Also, the pattern of mortality, with right-skewed distribution and a peak at about 1.0 mm diameter, is not similar to that of early Palaeozoic gastropods; there is no evidence of metamorphosis that would end the pelagic larval stage of ontogeny. Specimens of larger size are rare in samples of phosphatized “small shelly fossils” but are known in related species of the genus, of up to 3–5 mm diameter. A phosphatized soft body is preserved in a few specimens of A. attleborensis, one bearing possible chaetae of about 5 μm diameter. Such bunches of chaetae arming locomotory organs were earlier identified in the genus Pelagiella Matthew, 1895, a more derived member of the same lineage. It shares with the genus Aldanella Vostokova, 1962 also the mucronate embryonic shell and acicular aragonitic shell wall microstructure. The presence of chaetae-bearing organs suggests pelagic mode of life of pelagiellids at maturity. Middle Cambrian Pelagiella shells reached 7 mm in diameter, suggesting evolutionary increase in mature size. Embryonic shell morphology, wall microstructure, and the presence of locomotory organs with a fan of chaetae contradicts gastropod, and even conchiferan affinity of the pelagiellids, but together with the pattern of ontogeny conforms to the enigmatic Palaeozoic hyoliths. They differ in having opercula closing the shell apertures and in lacking evidence of chaetae. The helens, paired apertural appendages of possible locomotory function occurring in apertures of some of them, do not reveal any similarity to chaetae in their development. We propose classifying the order Pelagiellida in the class Hyolitha rather than in the class Gastropoda, until its phylogenetic position is clarified. Such understood hyoliths may represent the earliest stage in evolution of molluscs, immediately following initial diversification of the spiralians (lophotrochozoans) into phyla.
Baliński, Andrzej; Sun, Yaunlin; Dzik, Jerzy
Traces of marine nematodes from 470 million years old early ordovician rocks in china Journal Article
In: Nematology, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 567–574, 2013.
@article{balinski_traces_2013,
title = {Traces of marine nematodes from 470 million years old early ordovician rocks in china},
author = {Andrzej Baliński and Yaunlin Sun and Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Nematology},
volume = {15},
number = {5},
pages = {567--574},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2012
Baliński, A; Sun, Y; Dzik, J
470-Million-year-old black corals from China Journal Article
In: Naturwissenschaften, vol. 99, no. 8, pp. 645–653, 2012.
@article{balinski_470-million-year-old_2012,
title = {470-Million-year-old black corals from China},
author = {A Baliński and Y Sun and J Dzik},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Naturwissenschaften},
volume = {99},
number = {8},
pages = {645--653},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Niedźwiedzki, Grzegorz; Sulej, Tomasz; Dzik, Jerzy
A large predatory archosaur from the Late Triassic of Poland Journal Article
In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 267–276, 2012.
@article{niedzwiedzki_large_2012,
title = {A large predatory archosaur from the Late Triassic of Poland},
author = {Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki and Tomasz Sulej and Jerzy Dzik},
url = {https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20100045.html},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2010.0045},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-01-01},
journal = {Acta Palaeontologica Polonica},
volume = {57},
number = {2},
pages = {267--276},
abstract = {We describe a new large predatory archosaur, Smok wawelski gen. et sp. nov., from the latest Triassic (latest Norian–early Rhaetian; approximately 205–200 Ma) of Lisowice (Lipie Śląskie clay−pit) in southern Poland. The length of the reconstructed skeleton is 5–6 m and that of the skull 50–60 cm, making S. wawelski larger than any other known predatory archosaur from the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic of central Europe (including theropod dinosaurs and “rauisuchian” crurotarsans). The holotype braincase is associated with skull, pelvic and isolated limb−bones found in close proximity (within 30 m), and we regard them as belonging to the same individual. Large, apparently tridactyl tracks that occur in the same rock unit may have been left by animals of the same species. The highly autapomorphic braincase shows large attachment areas for hypertrophied protractor pterygoideus muscles on the lateral surface and a wide, funnel−like region between the basal tubera and basipterygoid processes on the ventral surface. The skeleton (cranial and postcranial) possesses some features similar to those in theropod dinosaurs and others to those in large crocodile−line archosaurs (“rauisuchians”), rendering phylogenetic placement of S. wawelski difficult at this time.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We describe a new large predatory archosaur, Smok wawelski gen. et sp. nov., from the latest Triassic (latest Norian–early Rhaetian; approximately 205–200 Ma) of Lisowice (Lipie Śląskie clay−pit) in southern Poland. The length of the reconstructed skeleton is 5–6 m and that of the skull 50–60 cm, making S. wawelski larger than any other known predatory archosaur from the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic of central Europe (including theropod dinosaurs and “rauisuchian” crurotarsans). The holotype braincase is associated with skull, pelvic and isolated limb−bones found in close proximity (within 30 m), and we regard them as belonging to the same individual. Large, apparently tridactyl tracks that occur in the same rock unit may have been left by animals of the same species. The highly autapomorphic braincase shows large attachment areas for hypertrophied protractor pterygoideus muscles on the lateral surface and a wide, funnel−like region between the basal tubera and basipterygoid processes on the ventral surface. The skeleton (cranial and postcranial) possesses some features similar to those in theropod dinosaurs and others to those in large crocodile−line archosaurs (“rauisuchians”), rendering phylogenetic placement of S. wawelski difficult at this time.
2011
Dzik, Jerzy
Possible ediacaran ancestry of the halkieriids Journal Article
In: Palaeontographica Canadiana, no. 31, pp. 205–218, 2011.
@article{dzik_possible_2011,
title = {Possible ediacaran ancestry of the halkieriids},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Palaeontographica Canadiana},
number = {31},
pages = {205--218},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
The xenusian-to-anomalocaridid transition within the lobopodians Journal Article
In: Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 65–74, 2011.
@article{dzik_xenusian--anomalocaridid_2011,
title = {The xenusian-to-anomalocaridid transition within the lobopodians},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Bollettino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana},
volume = {50},
number = {1},
pages = {65--74},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Skawina, Aleksandra; Dzik, Jerzy
Umbonal musculature and relationships of the late triassic filibranch unionoid bivalves Journal Article
In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 163, no. 3, pp. 863–883, 2011.
@article{skawina_umbonal_2011,
title = {Umbonal musculature and relationships of the late triassic filibranch unionoid bivalves},
author = {Aleksandra Skawina and Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2011},
date = {2011-01-01},
journal = {Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society},
volume = {163},
number = {3},
pages = {863--883},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2010
Dzik, Jerzy; Sulej, Tomasz; Niedźwiedzki, Grzegorz
Possible link connecting reptilian scales with avian feathers from the early Late Jurassic of Kazakstan Journal Article
In: Historical Biology, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 394–402, 2010.
@article{dzik_possible_2010,
title = {Possible link connecting reptilian scales with avian feathers from the early Late Jurassic of Kazakstan},
author = {Jerzy Dzik and Tomasz Sulej and Grzegorz Niedźwiedzki},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Historical Biology},
volume = {22},
number = {4},
pages = {394--402},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Piechowski, Rafał; Dzik, Jerzy
The axial skeleton of Silesaurus opolensis Journal Article
In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 1127–1141, 2010.
@article{piechowski_axial_2010,
title = {The axial skeleton of Silesaurus opolensis},
author = {Rafał Piechowski and Jerzy Dzik},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology},
volume = {30},
number = {4},
pages = {1127--1141},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dzik, Jerzy
Brachiopod Identity of the Alleged Monoplacophoran Ancestors of Cephalopods Journal Article
In: Malacologia, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 97–113, 2010, ISSN: 0076-2997, 0076-2997.
@article{dzik_brachiopod_2010-1,
title = {Brachiopod Identity of the Alleged Monoplacophoran Ancestors of Cephalopods},
author = {Jerzy Dzik},
url = {http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.4002/040.052.0107},
doi = {10.4002/040.052.0107},
issn = {0076-2997, 0076-2997},
year = {2010},
date = {2010-01-01},
urldate = {2021-02-23},
journal = {Malacologia},
volume = {52},
number = {1},
pages = {97--113},
abstract = {Because of a serial arrangement of supposed pedal muscles and its high-conical shell, Hypseloconus from the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician of North America is generally believed to be a monoplacophoran relative of cephalopods. The distinctive pattern of muscle attachments and shell form indicates its close relationship to roughly coeval Siberian Kirengella and several other genera classified in the order Kirengellida. Newly collected material from the Early Ordovician of Siberia shows that the bivalved Angarella, with its ventral valve cementing to a hard substratum, is closely similar to Kirengella and Hypseloconus in the arrangement of shell muscles. Permanently fixed to its substratum was also another probable member of the group, Pygmaeoconus. Musculature of Angarella in some aspects resembles that of the Early Cambrian mobergellans with phosphatic shells, but in the calcitic shell structure it is similar to the craniopsid brachiopods. Irrespective of whether the kirengellids are brachiopods or not, they should be removed from considerations on the ancestry of cephalopods. The alternative to Hypseloconus as a candidate for cephalopod ancestry is the Early Cambrian Turcutheca, an enigmatic mollusk with endogastrically curved and laterally compressed conch and relatively large subspherical embryonic conch, in both aspects resembling the earliest ellesmeroceratid nautiloids.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Because of a serial arrangement of supposed pedal muscles and its high-conical shell, Hypseloconus from the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician of North America is generally believed to be a monoplacophoran relative of cephalopods. The distinctive pattern of muscle attachments and shell form indicates its close relationship to roughly coeval Siberian Kirengella and several other genera classified in the order Kirengellida. Newly collected material from the Early Ordovician of Siberia shows that the bivalved Angarella, with its ventral valve cementing to a hard substratum, is closely similar to Kirengella and Hypseloconus in the arrangement of shell muscles. Permanently fixed to its substratum was also another probable member of the group, Pygmaeoconus. Musculature of Angarella in some aspects resembles that of the Early Cambrian mobergellans with phosphatic shells, but in the calcitic shell structure it is similar to the craniopsid brachiopods. Irrespective of whether the kirengellids are brachiopods or not, they should be removed from considerations on the ancestry of cephalopods. The alternative to Hypseloconus as a candidate for cephalopod ancestry is the Early Cambrian Turcutheca, an enigmatic mollusk with endogastrically curved and laterally compressed conch and relatively large subspherical embryonic conch, in both aspects resembling the earliest ellesmeroceratid nautiloids.