dr Jakub Baczyński
Scientific interests
- Evolution of flowers and inflorescence
- Palynology
- Systematics and phylogenetics of plants
Publications
2023
Baczyński, Jakub; Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
Pseudanthia in angiosperms: a review Journal Article
In: Annals of Botany, vol. 132, no. 2, pp. 179-202, 2023.
@article{10.1093/aob/mcad103,
title = {Pseudanthia in angiosperms: a review},
author = {Baczyński, Jakub and Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine},
url = {https://academic.oup.com/aob/article-pdf/132/2/179/52210840/mcad103.pdf},
doi = {10.1093/aob/mcad103},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-07-25},
urldate = {2023-07-25},
journal = {Annals of Botany},
volume = {132},
number = {2},
pages = {179-202},
abstract = {Pseudanthia or ‘false flowers’ are multiflowered units that resemble solitary flowers in form and function. Over the last century the term ‘pseudanthium’ has been applied to a wide array of morphologically divergent blossoms, ranging from those with easily noticeable florets to derived, reduced units in which individual flowers become almost indistinguishable. Although initially admired mostly by botanists, the diversity and widespread distribution of pseudanthia across angiosperms has already made them a fascinating topic for evolutionary and developmental comparative studies.This review synthesizes historical and current concepts on the biology of pseudanthia. Our first aim is to establish a clear, operational definition of pseudanthium and disentangle common terminological misconceptions surrounding that term. Our second aim is to summarize knowledge of the morphological and developmental diversity of pseudanthia and embed it within a modern phylogenetic framework. Lastly, we want to provide a comprehensive overview on the evolution and ecological importance of pseudanthia and outline perspectives for future studies.The understanding of pseudanthia has changed multiple times and reflects three different interpretations of their ‘flower-like’ qualities: developmental (similarity in structure), figural (similarity in form and function) and phylogenetic (homology between angiosperm flowers and monoecious reproductive shoots in gymnosperms). Here, we propose to narrow the term pseudanthium to multiflowered blossoms resembling zoophilous flowers in form, i.e. in being structurally subdivided in a showy periphery and a reproductive centre. According to this definition, pseudanthia sensu stricto evolved independently in at least 41 angiosperm families. The recurrent acquisition of pseudanthia sensu stricto in all major lineages of flowering plants indicates repeated interactions between developmental constraints (smallness of flowers, meristematic conditions) and selective pressures, such as demands of pollinators and/or environmental conditions.},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Pseudanthia or ‘false flowers’ are multiflowered units that resemble solitary flowers in form and function. Over the last century the term ‘pseudanthium’ has been applied to a wide array of morphologically divergent blossoms, ranging from those with easily noticeable florets to derived, reduced units in which individual flowers become almost indistinguishable. Although initially admired mostly by botanists, the diversity and widespread distribution of pseudanthia across angiosperms has already made them a fascinating topic for evolutionary and developmental comparative studies.This review synthesizes historical and current concepts on the biology of pseudanthia. Our first aim is to establish a clear, operational definition of pseudanthium and disentangle common terminological misconceptions surrounding that term. Our second aim is to summarize knowledge of the morphological and developmental diversity of pseudanthia and embed it within a modern phylogenetic framework. Lastly, we want to provide a comprehensive overview on the evolution and ecological importance of pseudanthia and outline perspectives for future studies.The understanding of pseudanthia has changed multiple times and reflects three different interpretations of their ‘flower-like’ qualities: developmental (similarity in structure), figural (similarity in form and function) and phylogenetic (homology between angiosperm flowers and monoecious reproductive shoots in gymnosperms). Here, we propose to narrow the term pseudanthium to multiflowered blossoms resembling zoophilous flowers in form, i.e. in being structurally subdivided in a showy periphery and a reproductive centre. According to this definition, pseudanthia sensu stricto evolved independently in at least 41 angiosperm families. The recurrent acquisition of pseudanthia sensu stricto in all major lineages of flowering plants indicates repeated interactions between developmental constraints (smallness of flowers, meristematic conditions) and selective pressures, such as demands of pollinators and/or environmental conditions.
Frankiewicz, K E; Chau, J H; Baczyński, J; Wdowiak, A; Oskolski, A
Wood and bark structure in Buddleja: anatomical background of stem morphology Journal Article
In: AoB Plants, vol. 15, iss. 2, pp. plad003, 2023.
@article{Frankiewicz2023,
title = {Wood and bark structure in Buddleja: anatomical background of stem morphology},
author = {K E Frankiewicz and J H Chau and J Baczyński and A Wdowiak and A Oskolski},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plad003},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-01},
urldate = {2023-02-01},
journal = {AoB Plants},
volume = {15},
issue = {2},
pages = {plad003},
abstract = {Bark (all tissues outside of the vascular cambium) has been extensively studied in recent years, especially its anatomy and physiology. Macromorphological bark characters can be important taxonomically for many plant groups, including the genus Buddleja (Scrophulariaceae). However, the relationship between macroscopic bark appearance and its microscopic structure remains obscure, hampering the use and interpretation of bark traits in plant taxonomy and phylogenetics as well as in other fields of botany. We studied micro- and macrostructure of bark in the species of Buddleja representing wide taxonomic and geographic diversity to identify general relationships between bark anatomy and morphology. We also examined Buddleja xylem and discussed the importance of anatomical traits for understanding the relationships between clades in this genus. The smooth bark surface in sect. Gomphostigma and the outgroup (Freylinia spp.) relates to the small number of periderms of superficial origin and limited sclerification. This allows for the retention of visible lenticels. In the rest of Buddleja, bark sloughs off and division of labour is present: collapsed phloem undergoes sclerification and acts as a protective layer, while thin-walled phellem forms the separation layers. A similar pattern is found in some groups (e.g. Lonicera), but in others (e.g. Vitis and the species of Eucalyptus with stringy bark), the pattern is inversed. Wood and bark anatomy supports a sister relationship between the southern African section Gomphostigma and the rest of Buddleja but is taxonomically uninformative among remaining clades. Limited development of periderms and sclerification allows for the retention of a smooth bark surface and conspicuous lenticels. Sloughing off of bark requires division of labour into a lignified protective layer and a thin-walled separation layer. These two functions are never served by a single tissue but are rather divided between phloem and periderm. How more subtle features (e.g. size and shape of fissures) are determined requires further study. Simultaneously, bark anatomy could be a useful source of data to complement molecular phylogenetic studies in a total evidence approach for systematics.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Bark (all tissues outside of the vascular cambium) has been extensively studied in recent years, especially its anatomy and physiology. Macromorphological bark characters can be important taxonomically for many plant groups, including the genus Buddleja (Scrophulariaceae). However, the relationship between macroscopic bark appearance and its microscopic structure remains obscure, hampering the use and interpretation of bark traits in plant taxonomy and phylogenetics as well as in other fields of botany. We studied micro- and macrostructure of bark in the species of Buddleja representing wide taxonomic and geographic diversity to identify general relationships between bark anatomy and morphology. We also examined Buddleja xylem and discussed the importance of anatomical traits for understanding the relationships between clades in this genus. The smooth bark surface in sect. Gomphostigma and the outgroup (Freylinia spp.) relates to the small number of periderms of superficial origin and limited sclerification. This allows for the retention of visible lenticels. In the rest of Buddleja, bark sloughs off and division of labour is present: collapsed phloem undergoes sclerification and acts as a protective layer, while thin-walled phellem forms the separation layers. A similar pattern is found in some groups (e.g. Lonicera), but in others (e.g. Vitis and the species of Eucalyptus with stringy bark), the pattern is inversed. Wood and bark anatomy supports a sister relationship between the southern African section Gomphostigma and the rest of Buddleja but is taxonomically uninformative among remaining clades. Limited development of periderms and sclerification allows for the retention of a smooth bark surface and conspicuous lenticels. Sloughing off of bark requires division of labour into a lignified protective layer and a thin-walled separation layer. These two functions are never served by a single tissue but are rather divided between phloem and periderm. How more subtle features (e.g. size and shape of fissures) are determined requires further study. Simultaneously, bark anatomy could be a useful source of data to complement molecular phylogenetic studies in a total evidence approach for systematics.
2022
Baczyński, Jakub; Celep, Ferhat; Spalik, Krzysztof; Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
Flower-like meristem conditions and spatial constraints shape architecture of floral pseudanthia in Apioideae Journal Article
In: EvoDevo, vol. 13, pp. 19, 2022.
@article{Baczyński2022,
title = {Flower-like meristem conditions and spatial constraints shape architecture of floral pseudanthia in Apioideae},
author = {Baczyński, Jakub and Celep, Ferhat and Spalik, Krzysztof and Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-022-00204-6},
doi = {10.1186/s13227-022-00204-6},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-12-19},
journal = {EvoDevo},
volume = {13},
pages = {19},
abstract = {Pseudanthia are multiflowered units that resemble single flowers, frequently by association with pseudocorollas formed by enlarged peripheral florets (ray flowers). Such resemblance is not only superficial, because numerous pseudanthia originate from peculiar reproductive meristems with flower-like characteristics, i.e. floral unit meristems (FUMs). Complex FUM-derived pseudanthia with ray flowers are especially common in Apiaceae, but our knowledge about their patterning is limited. In this paper, we aimed to investigate both the genetic and morphological basis of their development.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Pseudanthia are multiflowered units that resemble single flowers, frequently by association with pseudocorollas formed by enlarged peripheral florets (ray flowers). Such resemblance is not only superficial, because numerous pseudanthia originate from peculiar reproductive meristems with flower-like characteristics, i.e. floral unit meristems (FUMs). Complex FUM-derived pseudanthia with ray flowers are especially common in Apiaceae, but our knowledge about their patterning is limited. In this paper, we aimed to investigate both the genetic and morphological basis of their development.
Baczyński, Jakub; Sauquet, Hervé; Spalik, Krzysztof
Exceptional evolutionary lability of flower-like inflorescences (pseudanthia) in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae Journal Article
In: American Journal of Botany, vol. 109, no. 3, pp. 437-455, 2022.
@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1819,
title = {Exceptional evolutionary lability of flower-like inflorescences (pseudanthia) in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae},
author = {Jakub Baczyński and Hervé Sauquet and Krzysztof Spalik},
url = {https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajb2.1819},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1819},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Botany},
volume = {109},
number = {3},
pages = {437-455},
abstract = {Abstract Premise Pseudanthia are widespread and have long been postulated to be a key innovation responsible for some of the angiosperm radiations. The aim of our study was to analyze macroevolutionary patterns of these flower-like inflorescences and their potential correlation with diversification rates in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. In particular, we were interested to investigate evolvability of pseudanthia and evaluate their potential association with changes in the size of floral display. Methods The framework for our analyses consisted of a time-calibrated phylogeny of 1734 representatives of Apioideae and a morphological matrix of inflorescence traits encoded for 847 species. Macroevolutionary patterns in pseudanthia were inferred using Markov models of discrete character evolution and stochastic character mapping, and a principal component analysis was used to visualize correlations in inflorescence architecture. The interdependence between net diversification rates and the occurrence of pseudocorollas was analyzed with trait-independent and trait-dependent approaches. Results Pseudanthia evolved in 10 major clades of Apioideae with at least 36 independent origins and 46 reversals. The morphospace analysis recovered differences in color and compactness between floral and hyperfloral pseudanthia. A correlation between pseudocorollas and size of inflorescence was also strongly supported. Contrary to our predictions, pseudanthia are not responsible for variation in diversification rates identified in this subfamily. Conclusions Our results suggest that pseudocorollas evolve as an answer to the trade-off between enlargement of floral display and costs associated with production of additional flowers. The high evolvability and architectural differences in apioid pseudanthia may be explained on the basis of adaptive wandering and evolutionary developmental biology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Abstract Premise Pseudanthia are widespread and have long been postulated to be a key innovation responsible for some of the angiosperm radiations. The aim of our study was to analyze macroevolutionary patterns of these flower-like inflorescences and their potential correlation with diversification rates in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. In particular, we were interested to investigate evolvability of pseudanthia and evaluate their potential association with changes in the size of floral display. Methods The framework for our analyses consisted of a time-calibrated phylogeny of 1734 representatives of Apioideae and a morphological matrix of inflorescence traits encoded for 847 species. Macroevolutionary patterns in pseudanthia were inferred using Markov models of discrete character evolution and stochastic character mapping, and a principal component analysis was used to visualize correlations in inflorescence architecture. The interdependence between net diversification rates and the occurrence of pseudocorollas was analyzed with trait-independent and trait-dependent approaches. Results Pseudanthia evolved in 10 major clades of Apioideae with at least 36 independent origins and 46 reversals. The morphospace analysis recovered differences in color and compactness between floral and hyperfloral pseudanthia. A correlation between pseudocorollas and size of inflorescence was also strongly supported. Contrary to our predictions, pseudanthia are not responsible for variation in diversification rates identified in this subfamily. Conclusions Our results suggest that pseudocorollas evolve as an answer to the trade-off between enlargement of floral display and costs associated with production of additional flowers. The high evolvability and architectural differences in apioid pseudanthia may be explained on the basis of adaptive wandering and evolutionary developmental biology.
2021
Baczyński, Jakub; Miłobędzka, Aleksandra; Banasiak, Łukasz
Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots) Journal Article
In: Phytotaxa, vol. 478, no. 1, pp. 001-032, 2021.
@article{PTphytotaxa.478.1.1,
title = {Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)},
author = {Jakub Baczyński and Aleksandra Miłobędzka and Łukasz Banasiak},
url = {https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.478.1.1},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.478.1.1},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-05},
journal = {Phytotaxa},
volume = {478},
number = {1},
pages = {001-032},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2020
Frankiewicz, Kamil E; Oskolski, Alexei; Banasiak, Łukasz; Fernandes, Francisco; Reduron, Jean-Pierre; Reyes-Betancort, Jorge-Alfredo; Szczeparska, Liliana; Alsarraf, Mohammed; Baczyński, Jakub; Spalik, Krzysztof
Parallel evolution of arborescent carrots (Daucus) in Macaronesia Journal Article
In: American Journal of Botany, vol. 107, no. 3, pp. 394-412, 2020.
@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1444,
title = {Parallel evolution of arborescent carrots (Daucus) in Macaronesia},
author = {Kamil E Frankiewicz and Alexei Oskolski and Łukasz Banasiak and Francisco Fernandes and Jean-Pierre Reduron and Jorge-Alfredo Reyes-Betancort and Liliana Szczeparska and Mohammed Alsarraf and Jakub Baczyński and Krzysztof Spalik},
url = {https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajb2.1444},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1444},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Botany},
volume = {107},
number = {3},
pages = {394-412},
abstract = {Premise Despite intensive research, the pathways and driving forces behind the evolution of derived woodiness on oceanic islands remain obscure. The genus Daucus comprises mostly herbs (therophytes, hemicryptophytes) with few rosette treelets (chamaephytes) endemic to various Macaronesian archipelagos, suggesting their independent evolution. To elucidate the evolutionary pathways to derived woodiness, we examined phylogenetic relationships and the habit and secondary xylem evolution in Daucus and related taxa. Methods Sixty taxa were surveyed for molecular markers, life history, and habit traits. Twenty-one species were considered for wood anatomical characters. A dated phylogeny was estimated using Bayesian methods. The evolution of selected traits was reconstructed using parsimony and maximum likelihood. Results Daucus dispersed independently to the Canary Islands (and subsequently to Madeira), Cape Verde, and the Azores in the late Miocene and Pleistocene. Life span, reproductive strategy, and life form were highly homoplastic; the ancestor of Daucus was probably a monocarpic, biennial hemicryptophyte. Rosette treelets evolved independently in the Canarian-Madeiran lineage and in Cape Verde, the latter within the last 0.13 Myr. Treelets and hemicryptophytes did not differ in wood anatomy. Pervasive axial parenchyma in wood occurred more often in polycarpic rather than monocarpic species. Conclusions Life span and life form in Daucus are evolutionarily labile and may change independently of wood anatomy, which is related to plant reproductive strategy rather than to life form. Insular woodiness may evolve rapidly (as demonstrated in D. bischoffii), and in Daucus, it does not seem to be an adaptation to lower the risk of xylem embolism.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Premise Despite intensive research, the pathways and driving forces behind the evolution of derived woodiness on oceanic islands remain obscure. The genus Daucus comprises mostly herbs (therophytes, hemicryptophytes) with few rosette treelets (chamaephytes) endemic to various Macaronesian archipelagos, suggesting their independent evolution. To elucidate the evolutionary pathways to derived woodiness, we examined phylogenetic relationships and the habit and secondary xylem evolution in Daucus and related taxa. Methods Sixty taxa were surveyed for molecular markers, life history, and habit traits. Twenty-one species were considered for wood anatomical characters. A dated phylogeny was estimated using Bayesian methods. The evolution of selected traits was reconstructed using parsimony and maximum likelihood. Results Daucus dispersed independently to the Canary Islands (and subsequently to Madeira), Cape Verde, and the Azores in the late Miocene and Pleistocene. Life span, reproductive strategy, and life form were highly homoplastic; the ancestor of Daucus was probably a monocarpic, biennial hemicryptophyte. Rosette treelets evolved independently in the Canarian-Madeiran lineage and in Cape Verde, the latter within the last 0.13 Myr. Treelets and hemicryptophytes did not differ in wood anatomy. Pervasive axial parenchyma in wood occurred more often in polycarpic rather than monocarpic species. Conclusions Life span and life form in Daucus are evolutionarily labile and may change independently of wood anatomy, which is related to plant reproductive strategy rather than to life form. Insular woodiness may evolve rapidly (as demonstrated in D. bischoffii), and in Daucus, it does not seem to be an adaptation to lower the risk of xylem embolism.
2019
Wojewódzka, Aneta; Baczyński, Jakub; Banasiak, Łukasz; Downie, Stephen R; Czarnocka-Cieciura, Agnieszka; Gierek, Michał; Frankiewicz, Kamil; Spalik, Krzysztof
Evolutionary shifts in fruit dispersal syndromes in Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae Journal Article
In: Plant Systematics and Evolution, vol. 305, no. 5, pp. 401–414, 2019, ISSN: 0378-2697, 2199-6881.
@article{wojewodzka_evolutionary_2019,
title = {Evolutionary shifts in fruit dispersal syndromes in Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae},
author = {Aneta Wojewódzka and Jakub Baczyński and Łukasz Banasiak and Stephen R Downie and Agnieszka Czarnocka-Cieciura and Michał Gierek and Kamil Frankiewicz and Krzysztof Spalik},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00606-019-01579-1},
doi = {10.1007/s00606-019-01579-1},
issn = {0378-2697, 2199-6881},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2021-02-03},
journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},
volume = {305},
number = {5},
pages = {401--414},
abstract = {Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae includes species with diverse fruits that depending upon their morphology are dispersed by gravity, carried away by wind, or transported attached to animal fur or feathers. This diversity is particularly evident in Scandiceae subtribe Daucinae, a group encompassing species with wings or spines developing on fruit secondary ribs. In this paper, we explore fruit evolution in 86 representatives of Scandiceae and outgroups to assess adaptive shifts related to the evolutionary switch between anemochory and epizoochory and to identify possible dispersal syndromes, i.e., patterns of covariation of morphological and life-history traits that are associated with a particular vector. We also assess the phylogenetic signal in fruit traits. Principal component analysis of 16 quantitative fruit characters and of plant height did not clearly separate species having different dispersal strategies as estimated based on fruit appendages. Only presumed anemochory was weakly associated with plant height and the flattening of mericarps with their accompanying anatomical changes. We conclude that in Scandiceae, there are no distinct dispersal syndromes, but a continuum of fruit morphologies relying on different dispersal vectors. Phylogenetic mapping of ten discrete fruit characters on trees inferred by nrDNA ITS and cpDNA sequence data revealed that all are homoplastic and of limited use for the delimitation of genera. Spines evolved from wings developing on secondary ribs. We hypothesize that spines cannot form on primary ribs because these contain vascular bundles that may constrain such a transformation. We describe a new subtribe for Artedia and propose three new combinations in Daucus.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae includes species with diverse fruits that depending upon their morphology are dispersed by gravity, carried away by wind, or transported attached to animal fur or feathers. This diversity is particularly evident in Scandiceae subtribe Daucinae, a group encompassing species with wings or spines developing on fruit secondary ribs. In this paper, we explore fruit evolution in 86 representatives of Scandiceae and outgroups to assess adaptive shifts related to the evolutionary switch between anemochory and epizoochory and to identify possible dispersal syndromes, i.e., patterns of covariation of morphological and life-history traits that are associated with a particular vector. We also assess the phylogenetic signal in fruit traits. Principal component analysis of 16 quantitative fruit characters and of plant height did not clearly separate species having different dispersal strategies as estimated based on fruit appendages. Only presumed anemochory was weakly associated with plant height and the flattening of mericarps with their accompanying anatomical changes. We conclude that in Scandiceae, there are no distinct dispersal syndromes, but a continuum of fruit morphologies relying on different dispersal vectors. Phylogenetic mapping of ten discrete fruit characters on trees inferred by nrDNA ITS and cpDNA sequence data revealed that all are homoplastic and of limited use for the delimitation of genera. Spines evolved from wings developing on secondary ribs. We hypothesize that spines cannot form on primary ribs because these contain vascular bundles that may constrain such a transformation. We describe a new subtribe for Artedia and propose three new combinations in Daucus.
2016
Banasiak, Łukasz; Wojewódzka, Aneta; Baczyński, Jakub; Reduron, Jean-Pierre; Piwczyński, Marcin; Kurzyna-Młynik, Renata; Gutaker, Rafał; Czarnocka-Cieciura, Agnieszka; Kosmala-Grzechnik, Sylwia; Spalik, Krzysztof
Phylogeny of Apiaceae subtribe Daucinae and the taxonomic delineation of its genera Journal Article
In: Taxon, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 563–585, 2016, ISSN: 0040-0262.
@article{banasiak_phylogeny_2016,
title = {Phylogeny of Apiaceae subtribe Daucinae and the taxonomic delineation of its genera},
author = {Łukasz Banasiak and Aneta Wojewódzka and Jakub Baczyński and Jean-Pierre Reduron and Marcin Piwczyński and Renata Kurzyna-Młynik and Rafał Gutaker and Agnieszka Czarnocka-Cieciura and Sylwia Kosmala-Grzechnik and Krzysztof Spalik},
url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.12705/653.8},
doi = {10.12705/653.8},
issn = {0040-0262},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
urldate = {2021-02-03},
journal = {Taxon},
volume = {65},
number = {3},
pages = {563--585},
abstract = {Scandiceae subtribe Daucinae encompasses umbellifers that have fruits with prominent secondary ridges projecting into wings (former tribe Laserpitieae) or spines (former tribe Caucalideae pro parte). It comprises several economically or medicinally important genera including Cuminum, Daucus, Laser, Laserpitium and Thapsia among others. Recent molecular studies, based mostly on nrDNA ITS sequences, revealed that neither Daucus nor Laserpitium are monophyletic. To address issues of relationships and apply respective nomenclatural changes, we obtained additional ITS sequences as well as independent data from three plastid markers—rps16 intron, rpoC1 intron and rpoB-trnC intergenic spacer—for a comprehensive sample of the subtribe. We examined data for 260 accessions representing all genera of Daucinae and 81 of its ca. 93 species. Phylogenetic trees were estimated using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The results indicate that former Laserpitieae constitute a paraphyletic grade at the base of the spiny-fruited members of Daucinae while traditionally delimited Daucus and Laserpitium are polyphyletic. To maintain a monophyletic Daucus, we suggest including the following genera and species into its synonymy: Agrocharis, Melanoselinum, Monizia, Pachyctenium, Pseudorlaya, Rouya, Tornabenea, Athamanta dellacellae and Cryptotaenia elegans. The species of Laserpitium occur in seven clades and only six species of the Laserpitium s.str. clade retain the generic name. Several species are transferred to Ekimia, Laser and Thapsia; additionally, a monospecific genus Siler is restored and a new genus, Silphiodaucus, is established. The inclusion of Ammodaucus into Thapsia suggested in an earlier study is not supported. The position of Laserpitium pseudomeum requires further study.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Scandiceae subtribe Daucinae encompasses umbellifers that have fruits with prominent secondary ridges projecting into wings (former tribe Laserpitieae) or spines (former tribe Caucalideae pro parte). It comprises several economically or medicinally important genera including Cuminum, Daucus, Laser, Laserpitium and Thapsia among others. Recent molecular studies, based mostly on nrDNA ITS sequences, revealed that neither Daucus nor Laserpitium are monophyletic. To address issues of relationships and apply respective nomenclatural changes, we obtained additional ITS sequences as well as independent data from three plastid markers—rps16 intron, rpoC1 intron and rpoB-trnC intergenic spacer—for a comprehensive sample of the subtribe. We examined data for 260 accessions representing all genera of Daucinae and 81 of its ca. 93 species. Phylogenetic trees were estimated using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The results indicate that former Laserpitieae constitute a paraphyletic grade at the base of the spiny-fruited members of Daucinae while traditionally delimited Daucus and Laserpitium are polyphyletic. To maintain a monophyletic Daucus, we suggest including the following genera and species into its synonymy: Agrocharis, Melanoselinum, Monizia, Pachyctenium, Pseudorlaya, Rouya, Tornabenea, Athamanta dellacellae and Cryptotaenia elegans. The species of Laserpitium occur in seven clades and only six species of the Laserpitium s.str. clade retain the generic name. Several species are transferred to Ekimia, Laser and Thapsia; additionally, a monospecific genus Siler is restored and a new genus, Silphiodaucus, is established. The inclusion of Ammodaucus into Thapsia suggested in an earlier study is not supported. The position of Laserpitium pseudomeum requires further study.