Influence of soil contamination on the occurence and diversity of Mucoromycota and their endosymbiotic bacteria
Mucoromycota fungi are commonly found in different habitats around the world. Some are occurring on moldy bread or spoiled strawberries. The vast majority of them are organisms that decompose dead organic matter. Recently, it has been also shown that they may harbor endohyphal bacteria. However, their diversity and the factors influencing their prevalence remain poorly understood. The project aimed to investigate the impact of soil contamination on the prevalence and diversity of endohyphal bacteria within Mucoromycota.
We tested the soil from 50 sites all over Poland. The sites were selected in such a way that half of them represent highly polluted areas, e.g. post-mining heaps. Each soil sample was characterized in terms of contamination type. Based on next-generation sequencing methods, the species diversity of fungi was assessed. In 10 selected soil samples also bacterial diversity was studied. We have shown that contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the factors that shape the diversity of soil fungal communities in post-industrial areas.
Moreover, representatives of Mucoromycora were isolated from 10 selected soil samples, and isolates were screened for the presence of endohyphal bacteria. Their presence was found in approx. 20% of all isolated strains of fungi (Fig. 1.). Among the identified endosymbionts, a new line of endohyphal bacteria was discovered. Additionally, two new species of fungi were discovered and described.
Finally, two strains fungal strains that tested positive for endohyphal bacteria were checked for their ability to grow on the selected contaminants. It has been shown that Umbelopsis and Rhizopus strains containing endohyphal bacteria are capable of degrading diesel fuel.
To conclude, it has been demonstrated that soil contamination influence soil fungal communties and their interactions with endohyphal bacterias. Moreover, some of the endohyphal bacteria seems to affect the ability of their fungal hosts to adapt to soil contamination.
Main results:
- A new species of Sugiyamaella trypani by A. Gęsiorska & J. Pawłowska [MB # 829450] from trypan blue solution was described.
- A new species of Entomortierella hereditatis J. Trovão, J. Pawłowska & A. Portugal [MB # 825064] was described.
- A new line of endohyphal bacteria was discovered in Umbelopsidales.
- Coevolution has been demonstrated between endohyphal bacteria belonging to BRE and their fungal hosts belonging to Mucoromycota.
- It has been shown that the presence of endohyphal bacteria can influence the metabolic capacity of their fungal hosts.
- It has been shown that soil contamination e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can shape the diversity of soil fungal communities.
- It has been shown that selected strains of Umbelopsis and Rhizopus containing endohyphal bacteria can degrade diesel fuel and use anthracene, undecane, and cyclohexane as the sole carbon sources.
Publications:
2024
Fungal Planet description sheets: 1614–1696 Journal Article
In: Fungal Systematics and Evolution, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 183-440, 2024.
Mucor thermorhizoides—A New Species from Post-mining Site in Sudety Mountains (Poland). Journal Article
In: Current Microbiology, vol. 81, iss. 201, 2024.
The interkingdom horizontal gene transfer in 44 early diverging fungi boosted their metabolic, adaptive, and immune capabilities Journal Article
In: Evolution Letters, vol. 03, pp. qrae009, 2024, ISSN: 2056-3744.
2022
Marginal lands and fungi – linking the type of soil contamination with fungal community composition Journal Article
In: Environmental Microbiology, 2022.
2021
Fungal Planet description sheets: 1284–1382 Journal Article
In: Persoonia, vol. 47, pp. 309, 2021, ISSN: 1878-9080.
Metabolic Potential, Ecology and Presence of Associated Bacteria Is Reflected in Genomic Diversity of Mucoromycotina Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 12, pp. 239, 2021.
New Endohyphal Relationships between Mucoromycota and Burkholderiaceae Representatives Journal Article
In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol. 87, no. 7, 2021, ISSN: 0099-2240.
2020
Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa Journal Article
In: Mycosphere, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1060–1456, 2020, ISSN: 2077-7000.
2019
Carbon assimilation profiles of mucoralean fungi show their metabolic versatility Journal Article
In: Scientific Reports, vol. 9, pp. 11864, 2019.
Fungal Planet description sheets: 868-950 Journal Article
In: Persoonia, vol. 42, pp. 291, 2019.
2018
In: Fungal Diversity, vol. 92, no. 1, pp. 43–129, 2018, ISSN: 1560-2745.
Conferences:
- J. Pawłowska, A. Okrasińska, P. Decewicz, Ł. Dziewit: Wpływ zanieczyszczenia na różnorodność zbiorowisk grzybów glebowych. Konferencja “Metagenomy różnych środowisk”, on-line, 17-18.06.2021 – oral presentation (in Polish).
- Z. Błocka: Analysis of Diesel Oil Degradation by Fungi and Endohyphal Bacteria. CYEEB, 3-5.9.21 – oral presentation.
- A. Okrasińska: Bakterie wewnątrzstrzępkowe grzybów Mucoromycota. MycoRiseUp! Młodzi w mykologii, on-line, 23-25.04.2021 – oral presentation.
- A. Gęsiorska: Diversity of endosymbiotic bacteria in Umbelopsis representatives. MycoRiseUp! Młodzi w mykologii, on-line, 23-25.04.2021 – oral presentation.
- A. Okrasińska, P. Decewicz, J. Pawłowska: Linking soil contamination type with fungal community composition. Trends in Biodiversity and Evolution Conference (https://cibio.up.pt/tibe/details/tibe2020), on-line, 9-11.12.2020 – oral presentation.
- J. Pawłowska, P. Decewicz, A. Okrasińska, Ł. Dziewit, M. Wrzosek: Soil contamination as a key factor influencing fungal diversity. 18th Congress of European Mycologists, Warsaw-Białowieża (Poland), 16-21.9.2019 – poster.
- A. Okrasińska, A. Bokus, A. Gęsiorska, B. Sokołowska, M. Wrzosek, J. Pawłowska: Bacterial endosymbionts of Mucoromycota representatives, 18th Congress of European Mycologists, Warsaw-Białowieża (Poland), 16-21.9.2019 – poster.
- J. Pawłowska, A. Okrasińska, K. Duk, Ł. Istel, M. Gorczak, I. Siedlecki, A. Bokus, A. Gęsiorska, M. Wrzosek: Diversity of endohyphal bacteria in Mucoromycota representatives. 58. Zjazd Polskiego Towarzystwa Botanicznego, Cracow (Poland), 1-7.7.2019 – oral presentation.
- A.Okrasińska, A. Bokus, A. Gęsiorska, M. Wrzosek, J. Pawłowska: Could have fungal-bacterial interactions helped plants in land colonisation? PopBio, Warsaw (Poland), 22-25.05.2019 – oral presentation.
- A. Okrasińska, K. Duk, A. Bokus, J. Pawłowska: New lineages of endohyphal bacteria detected in land colonizing fungi. 6th Young Natural History scientists Meeting, Paris (France), 12-16.3.2019 – poster.
- A. Gęsiorska, J. Pawłowska: Sugiyamaella trypani – new species isolated from trypan blue dye. 6th Young Natural History scientists Meeting, Paris (France), 12-16.3.2019 – poster.
- J. Pawłowska , A. Okrasińska, L. Serewa, A. Miłobędzka, G. Ostrowski, Ł. Dziewit, P. Decewicz, M. Wrzosek: Influence of soil contamination on the occurence and diversity of Mucoromycota and their endosymbiotic bacteria. Bacterial-Fungal Interactions Workshop during 11 International Mycological Congress, San Juan (Puerto Rico), 16-21.07.2018 – oral presentation.
Outreach:
1. film “o magii poszukiwania”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlWni46_wmI
2. Science Fair in Warsaw(2020)
3. Biologists’ Night (2020)
4. Ochota Campus Explorers Day (2019)
5. Eurolab (2019)