prof. dr hab. Krzysztof Spalik (dziekan Wydziału Biologii)

@article{Baczyński2022,

title = {Flower-like meristem conditions and spatial constraints shape architecture of floral pseudanthia in Apioideae},

author = {Baczyński, Jakub and Celep, Ferhat and Spalik, Krzysztof and Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-022-00204-6},

doi = {10.1186/s13227-022-00204-6},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-12-19},

journal = {EvoDevo},

volume = {13},

pages = {19},

abstract = {Pseudanthia are multiflowered units that resemble single flowers, frequently by association with pseudocorollas formed by enlarged peripheral florets (ray flowers). Such resemblance is not only superficial, because numerous pseudanthia originate from peculiar reproductive meristems with flower-like characteristics, i.e. floral unit meristems (FUMs). Complex FUM-derived pseudanthia with ray flowers are especially common in Apiaceae, but our knowledge about their patterning is limited. In this paper, we aimed to investigate both the genetic and morphological basis of their development.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{10.1093/botlinnean/boab032,

title = {Long-distance dispersal events rather than growth habit and life-history traits affect diversification rate in tribe Apieae (Apiaceae)},

author = {Kamil E Frankiewicz and Łukasz Banasiak and Alexei Oskolski and Jean-Pierre Reduron and Jorge Alfredo Reyes-Betancort and Mohammed Alsarraf and Paulina Trzeciak and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab032},

doi = {10.1093/botlinnean/boab032},

issn = {0024-4074},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},

volume = {198},

number = {1},

pages = {1–25},

abstract = {Factors influencing diversification rates may be of intrinsic (e.g. morphological novelties) or extrinsic (e.g. long-distance dispersal, availability of ecological niches) nature. Growth habit may influence diversification rates because herbaceous plants often have shorter generation times and a more pronounced r reproductive strategy than their woody relatives. We examined life history and habit evolution, wood anatomy and biogeographical history of Apiaceae tribe Apieae in conjunction with diversification rate analysis to explore which factors may have affected clade species richness and to elucidate the constraints on the evolution of secondary woodiness in this group. We demonstrate that diversification rates are similar in morphologically homogeneous and diverse clades and in herbaceous and woody lineages. The only clade with a significantly elevated diversification rate is Southern Hemisphere Apium, in which diversity probably resulted from several long-distance dispersal events. We also show that wood anatomy in herbaceous and woody species does not differ considerably regardless of their continental or insular origin, but it is affected by stem architecture and plant reproductive strategy. As the taxonomy of Apieae suffers from inflation with numerous monotypic genera, we propose to include Canaria in Rutheopsis, and Foeniculum, Schoenoselinum, Ridolfia and Pseudoridolfia in Anethum.},

note = {boab032},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1819,

title = {Exceptional evolutionary lability of flower-like inflorescences (pseudanthia) in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae},

author = {Jakub Baczyński and Hervé Sauquet and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajb2.1819},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1819},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Botany},

volume = {109},

number = {3},

pages = {437-455},

abstract = {Abstract Premise Pseudanthia are widespread and have long been postulated to be a key innovation responsible for some of the angiosperm radiations. The aim of our study was to analyze macroevolutionary patterns of these flower-like inflorescences and their potential correlation with diversification rates in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. In particular, we were interested to investigate evolvability of pseudanthia and evaluate their potential association with changes in the size of floral display. Methods The framework for our analyses consisted of a time-calibrated phylogeny of 1734 representatives of Apioideae and a morphological matrix of inflorescence traits encoded for 847 species. Macroevolutionary patterns in pseudanthia were inferred using Markov models of discrete character evolution and stochastic character mapping, and a principal component analysis was used to visualize correlations in inflorescence architecture. The interdependence between net diversification rates and the occurrence of pseudocorollas was analyzed with trait-independent and trait-dependent approaches. Results Pseudanthia evolved in 10 major clades of Apioideae with at least 36 independent origins and 46 reversals. The morphospace analysis recovered differences in color and compactness between floral and hyperfloral pseudanthia. A correlation between pseudocorollas and size of inflorescence was also strongly supported. Contrary to our predictions, pseudanthia are not responsible for variation in diversification rates identified in this subfamily. Conclusions Our results suggest that pseudocorollas evolve as an answer to the trade-off between enlargement of floral display and costs associated with production of additional flowers. The high evolvability and architectural differences in apioid pseudanthia may be explained on the basis of adaptive wandering and evolutionary developmental biology.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Stem2021,

title = {Stem anatomy of Apioideae (Apiaceae): effects of habit and reproductive strategy },

author = {Kamil E Frankiewicz and Alexei A Oskolski and Jean-Pierre Reduron and Łukasz Banasiak and Jorge-Alfredo Reyes-Betancort and Paulina Trzeciak and Krzysztof Spalik},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-bja10078},

issn = {0928-1541 },

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-12-03},

journal = {IAWA Journal},

volume = {43},

number = {1-2},

pages = {42-65},

abstract = {Apioideae is the biggest and the most diverse of four subfamilies recognised within Apiaceae. Except for a few, likely derived, woody clades, most representatives of this subfamily are herbaceous. In the present study, we assessed stem anatomy of 87, mostly therophytic and hemicryptophytic, species from at least 20 distinct lineages of Apioideae, and juxtaposed them with 67 species from our previous anatomical projects also focused on this subfamily. Comparing our data with the literature, we found that wood anatomy does not allow for a distinction between apioids and their close relatives (Azorelloideae, Saniculoideae), but more distantly related Mackinlayoideae differ from Apioideae in their perforation plate type. Vessel element and fibre length, and vessel diameter were positively correlated with plant height: phenomena already reported in literature. Similar pattern was retrieved for vertical intervessel pit diameter. Wood ground tissue in apioids ranges from entirely fibrous to parenchymatous. The shortening of internodes seems to favour the formation of parenchymatic ground tissue, whereas the early shift to flowering promotes the deposition of fibrous wood in monocarpic species. These results support a hypothesis on interdependence among internode length, reproductive strategy, and wood ground tissue type.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12580,

title = {Using RAD seq for reconstructing phylogenies of highly diverged taxa: A test using the tribe Scandiceae (Apiaceae)},

author = {Marcin Piwczyński and Paulina Trzeciak and Madalina-Oana Popa and Maciej Pabijan and José María Corral and Krzysztof Spalik and Andrzej Grzywacz},

url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jse.12580},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12580},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Systematics and Evolution},

volume = {59},

number = {1},

pages = {58-72},

abstract = {Abstract The angiosperm Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae includes four major clades—subtribes Daucinae, Ferulinae, Torilidinae, and Scandicinae—that originated ca. 20 Mya. Although all four subtribes are highly supported in molecular analyses, and morphological data indicate a sister relationship between Daucinae and Torilidinae, their branching order has not been resolved using standard Sanger multilocus data. Therefore, in this study, we test the utility of genomic RAD seq data in resolving deep phylogenetic relationships (up to 20 Mya) in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae, with special emphasis on tribe Scandiceae using 12 representative species. We used two bioinformatic pipelines, pyRAD and RADIS (based on STACKS), to assemble RAD seq data and we tested the influence of various combinations of parameters on the robustness of the inferred tree topologies. Although different data processing approaches produced alignments with various amounts of missing data, they converged to two well-supported topologies, irrespective of the phylogenetic method applied. Highly supported trees showed Scandicinae as sister to all other clades and indicated that Daucinae and Torilidinae are sister groups, thus confirming the relationship inferred from morphology. We conclude that the RAD seq method can be successfully used to resolve deep relationships formed 20 Mya within Apiaceae. We provide recommendations for parameter settings in RADIS and pyRAD for the analysis of taxa that have accumulated considerable genomic divergence.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Frankiewicz2021,

title = {Derived woodiness and annual habit evolved in African umbellifers as alternative solutions for coping with drought},

author = {Kamil E Frankiewicz and {Ł}ukasz Banasiak and Alexei A Oskolski and Anthony R Magee and Mohammad Alsarraf and Paulina Trzeciak and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03151-x},

doi = {10.1186/s12870-021-03151-x},

issn = {1471-2229},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

journal = {BMC Plant Biology},

volume = {21},

number = {1},

pages = {383},

abstract = {One of the major trends in angiosperm evolution was the shift from woody to herbaceous habit. However, reversals known as derived woodiness have also been reported in numerous, distantly related clades. Among theories evoked to explain the factors promoting the evolution of derived woodiness are moderate climate theory and cavitation theory. The first assumes that woody habit evolves in response to mild climate allowing for prolonged life span, which in turn leads to bigger and woodier bodies. The second sees woodiness as a result of natural selection for higher cavitation resistance in seasonally dry environments. Here, we compare climatic niches of woody and herbaceous, mostly southern African, umbellifers from the Lefebvrea clade to assess whether woody taxa in fact occur in markedly drier habitats. We also calibrate their phylogeny to estimate when derived woodiness evolved. Finally, we describe the wood anatomy of selected woody and herbaceous taxa to see if life forms are linked to any particular wood traits.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1444,

title = {Parallel evolution of arborescent carrots (Daucus) in Macaronesia},

author = {Kamil E Frankiewicz and Alexei Oskolski and Łukasz Banasiak and Francisco Fernandes and Jean-Pierre Reduron and Jorge-Alfredo Reyes-Betancort and Liliana Szczeparska and Mohammed Alsarraf and Jakub Baczyński and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajb2.1444},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ajb2.1444},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Botany},

volume = {107},

number = {3},

pages = {394-412},

abstract = {Premise Despite intensive research, the pathways and driving forces behind the evolution of derived woodiness on oceanic islands remain obscure. The genus Daucus comprises mostly herbs (therophytes, hemicryptophytes) with few rosette treelets (chamaephytes) endemic to various Macaronesian archipelagos, suggesting their independent evolution. To elucidate the evolutionary pathways to derived woodiness, we examined phylogenetic relationships and the habit and secondary xylem evolution in Daucus and related taxa. Methods Sixty taxa were surveyed for molecular markers, life history, and habit traits. Twenty-one species were considered for wood anatomical characters. A dated phylogeny was estimated using Bayesian methods. The evolution of selected traits was reconstructed using parsimony and maximum likelihood. Results Daucus dispersed independently to the Canary Islands (and subsequently to Madeira), Cape Verde, and the Azores in the late Miocene and Pleistocene. Life span, reproductive strategy, and life form were highly homoplastic; the ancestor of Daucus was probably a monocarpic, biennial hemicryptophyte. Rosette treelets evolved independently in the Canarian-Madeiran lineage and in Cape Verde, the latter within the last 0.13 Myr. Treelets and hemicryptophytes did not differ in wood anatomy. Pervasive axial parenchyma in wood occurred more often in polycarpic rather than monocarpic species. Conclusions Life span and life form in Daucus are evolutionarily labile and may change independently of wood anatomy, which is related to plant reproductive strategy rather than to life form. Insular woodiness may evolve rapidly (as demonstrated in D. bischoffii), and in Daucus, it does not seem to be an adaptation to lower the risk of xylem embolism.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{wojewodzka_evolutionary_2019,

title = {Evolutionary shifts in fruit dispersal syndromes in Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae},

author = {Aneta Wojewódzka and Jakub Baczyński and Łukasz Banasiak and Stephen R Downie and Agnieszka Czarnocka-Cieciura and Michał Gierek and Kamil Frankiewicz and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00606-019-01579-1},

doi = {10.1007/s00606-019-01579-1},

issn = {0378-2697, 2199-6881},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

urldate = {2021-02-03},

journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},

volume = {305},

number = {5},

pages = {401--414},

abstract = {Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae includes species with diverse fruits that depending upon their morphology are dispersed by gravity, carried away by wind, or transported attached to animal fur or feathers. This diversity is particularly evident in Scandiceae subtribe Daucinae, a group encompassing species with wings or spines developing on fruit secondary ribs. In this paper, we explore fruit evolution in 86 representatives of Scandiceae and outgroups to assess adaptive shifts related to the evolutionary switch between anemochory and epizoochory and to identify possible dispersal syndromes, i.e., patterns of covariation of morphological and life-history traits that are associated with a particular vector. We also assess the phylogenetic signal in fruit traits. Principal component analysis of 16 quantitative fruit characters and of plant height did not clearly separate species having different dispersal strategies as estimated based on fruit appendages. Only presumed anemochory was weakly associated with plant height and the flattening of mericarps with their accompanying anatomical changes. We conclude that in Scandiceae, there are no distinct dispersal syndromes, but a continuum of fruit morphologies relying on different dispersal vectors. Phylogenetic mapping of ten discrete fruit characters on trees inferred by nrDNA ITS and cpDNA sequence data revealed that all are homoplastic and of limited use for the delimitation of genera. Spines evolved from wings developing on secondary ribs. We hypothesize that spines cannot form on primary ribs because these contain vascular bundles that may constrain such a transformation. We describe a new subtribe for Artedia and propose three new combinations in Daucus.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_laserocarpum_2019,

title = {Laserocarpum, a new genus of Apiaceae endemic to Greece},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik and Aneta Wojewódzka and Theophanis Constantinidis and Stephen R Downie and Michał Gierek and Łukasz Banasiak},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

journal = {Acta Soc Bot Pol},

pages = {9},

abstract = {Laserpitium pseudomeum is an endemic umbellifer of Greece occurring in the mountains of Sterea Ellas and northern Peloponnese. Molecular data indicate that it is not related to its putative congeners, but instead constitutes an isolated lineage. The nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS tree places it as a weakly supported sister group to Portenschlagiella ramosissima, the sole species in its genus, whereas the tree inferred from three noncoding cpDNA loci does not confirm this relationship. Portenschlagiella ramosissima is sometimes placed in Athamanta, an affinity supported neither by molecular data nor by fruit morphology. Laserpitium pseudomeum notably differs from P. ramosissima in vegetative, flower, and fruit characteristics, and no obvious morphological synapomorphies indicate their close relationship. Therefore, we place L. pseudomeum in the newly described genus Laserocarpum and lectotypify the species with the specimen Orphanides 2019 (G00766460) at G-Boiss.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{panahi_taxonomy_2018,

title = {Taxonomy of the traditional medicinal plant genus Ferula (Apiaceae) is confounded by incongruence between nuclear rDNA and plastid DNA},

author = {Mehrnoush Panahi and Łukasz Banasiak and Marcin Piwczyński and Radosław Puchałka and Mohammad Reza Kanani and Alexei A Oskolski and Daniel Modnicki and Aleksandra Miłobędzka and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {https://academic.oup.com/botlinnean/article/188/2/173/5077411},

doi = {10.1093/botlinnean/boy055},

issn = {0024-4074, 1095-8339},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-01-01},

urldate = {2021-02-03},

journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},

volume = {188},

number = {2},

pages = {173--189},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{banasiak_phylogeny_2016,

title = {Phylogeny of Apiaceae subtribe Daucinae and the taxonomic delineation of its genera},

author = {Łukasz Banasiak and Aneta Wojewódzka and Jakub Baczyński and Jean-Pierre Reduron and Marcin Piwczyński and Renata Kurzyna-Młynik and Rafał Gutaker and Agnieszka Czarnocka-Cieciura and Sylwia Kosmala-Grzechnik and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.12705/653.8},

doi = {10.12705/653.8},

issn = {0040-0262},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

urldate = {2021-02-03},

journal = {Taxon},

volume = {65},

number = {3},

pages = {563--585},

abstract = {Scandiceae subtribe Daucinae encompasses umbellifers that have fruits with prominent secondary ridges projecting into wings (former tribe Laserpitieae) or spines (former tribe Caucalideae pro parte). It comprises several economically or medicinally important genera including Cuminum, Daucus, Laser, Laserpitium and Thapsia among others. Recent molecular studies, based mostly on nrDNA ITS sequences, revealed that neither Daucus nor Laserpitium are monophyletic. To address issues of relationships and apply respective nomenclatural changes, we obtained additional ITS sequences as well as independent data from three plastid markers—rps16 intron, rpoC1 intron and rpoB-trnC intergenic spacer—for a comprehensive sample of the subtribe. We examined data for 260 accessions representing all genera of Daucinae and 81 of its ca. 93 species. Phylogenetic trees were estimated using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods. The results indicate that former Laserpitieae constitute a paraphyletic grade at the base of the spiny-fruited members of Daucinae while traditionally delimited Daucus and Laserpitium are polyphyletic. To maintain a monophyletic Daucus, we suggest including the following genera and species into its synonymy: Agrocharis, Melanoselinum, Monizia, Pachyctenium, Pseudorlaya, Rouya, Tornabenea, Athamanta dellacellae and Cryptotaenia elegans. The species of Laserpitium occur in seven clades and only six species of the Laserpitium s.str. clade retain the generic name. Several species are transferred to Ekimia, Laser and Thapsia; additionally, a monospecific genus Siler is restored and a new genus, Silphiodaucus, is established. The inclusion of Ammodaucus into Thapsia suggested in an earlier study is not supported. The position of Laserpitium pseudomeum requires further study.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{kadereit_which_2016,

title = {Which changes are needed to render all genera of the German flora monophyletic?},

author = {J W Kadereit and D C Albach and F Ehrendorfer and M Galbany-Casals and N Garcia-Jacas and B Gehrke and G Kadereit and N Kilian and J T Klein and M A Koch and M Kropf and C Oberprieler and M D Pirie and C M Ritz and M Röser and K Spalik and A Susanna and M Weigend and E Welk and K Wesche and L -B Zhang and M S Dillenberger},

year  = {2016},

date = {2016-01-01},

journal = {Willdenowia},

volume = {46},

number = {1},

pages = {39--91},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{panahi_phylogenetic_2015,

title = {Phylogenetic relationships among textitDorema , textitFerula and textitLeutea (Apiaceae: Scandiceae: Ferulinae) inferred from nrDNA ITS and cpDNA noncoding sequences},

author = {Mehrnoush Panahi and Łukasz Banasiak and Marcin Piwczyński and Radosław Puchałka and Alexei A Oskolski and Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.12705/644.8},

doi = {10.12705/644.8},

issn = {0040-0262},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

urldate = {2021-02-03},

journal = {Taxon},

volume = {64},

number = {4},

pages = {770--783},

abstract = {Dorema, Ferula and Leutea are genera of Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae, subtribe Ferulinae. Their placement in Scandiceae was established based only on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (nrDNA ITS) sequence variation. Previous molecular studies suggested that Dorema and Leutea are nested within Ferula. To confirm relationships and eventual nomenclatural changes, we increased taxonomic sampling and examined nrDNA ITS and three noncoding cpDNA markers: rpoB-trnC intergenic spacer and rps16 and rpoC1 introns. Ninety-one species were included representing 68 species of Ferula, 6 species of Dorema, 9 species of Leutea and 8 outgroup taxa. Nuclear and plastid DNA data were analysed separately and combined using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches; based on the set of Bayesian trees several topological hypotheses on relationships among these genera were tested. As nrDNA and cpDNA gene trees differed somewhat, the degree of topological conflict was assessed using internode certainty (IC) and tree certainty (TC) measures calculated from ML bootstrap analyses. In all analyses, Leutea was monophyletic. In nrDNA trees it was nested within Ferula (with low support), while in cpDNA it was sister to the Ferula + Dorema clade. In all analyses, Dorema species were placed in one subclade of Ferula and intermingled with its members. IC support for the sister position of Leutea to remaining Ferulinae and the TC support were higher in combined analyses than in the analyses of cpDNA data alone, indicating that the gene trees are not significantly different with respect to this internode. Our results do not contradict the taxonomic position of Leutea as a separate genus but suggest that Dorema should be subsumed within Ferula.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{piwczynski_infrageneric_2015,

title = {The infrageneric taxonomy of Chaerophyllum (Apiaceae) revisited: new evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences and fruit anatomy},

author = {Marcin Piwczyński and Radosław Puchałka and Krzysztof Spalik},

year  = {2015},

date = {2015-01-01},

journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},

volume = {178},

number = {2},

pages = {298--313},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_recurrent_2014,

title = {Recurrent short-distance dispersal explains wide distributions of hydrophytic umbellifers (Apiaceae tribe Oenantheae)},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik and Łukasz Banasiak and Mary Ann E Feist and Stephen R Downie},

url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jbi.12300},

doi = {10.1111/jbi.12300},

issn = {03050270},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-08-01},

urldate = {2021-02-03},

journal = {Journal of Biogeography},

volume = {41},

number = {8},

pages = {1559--1571},

abstract = {Aim Long-distance dispersal (LDD) by migratory birds is often invoked to explain the broad and disjunct distributions of many aquatic plants. Such distributions may also be achieved by recurrent short-distance dispersal (SDD) to adjacent areas and extinctions in connecting areas. To test the relative importance of LDD and SDD in shaping the distributions of hydrophytes, we examined different dispersal models for a clade of hydrophytic umbellifers (Apiaceae tribe Oenantheae).},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{weitzel_resurrecting_2014,

title = {Resurrecting deadly carrots: towards a revision of Thapsia (Apiaceae) based on phylogenetic analysis of nrITS sequences and chemical profiles},

author = {Corinna Weitzel and Nina Rønsted and Krzysztof Spalik and Henrik Toft Simonsen},

url = {http://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12144},

doi = {10.1111/boj.12144},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_pre-linnaean_2014,

title = {Pre-Linnaean herbaria viva of Helwing in the collections of the National Library of Poland and the University of Warsaw},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik},

year  = {2014},

date = {2014-01-01},

journal = {Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae},

volume = {83},

number = {1},

pages = {13--16},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{banasiak_dispersal_2013,

title = {Dispersal patterns in space and time: a case study of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae},

author = {Łukasz Banasiak and Marcin Piwczyński and Tomasz Uliński and Stephen R Downie and Mark F Watson and Bandana Shakya and Krzysztof Spalik},

doi = {10.1111/jbi.12071},

year  = {2013},

date = {2013-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Biogeography},

volume = {40},

number = {7},

pages = {1324--1335},

note = {Number: 7},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bone_phylogenetic_2011,

title = {A phylogenetic and biogeographic study of the genus Lilaeopsis (Apiaceae Tribe Oenantheae)},

author = {T S Bone and S R Downie and J M Affolter and K Spalik},

year  = {2011},

date = {2011-01-01},

journal = {Systematic Botany},

volume = {36},

number = {3},

pages = {789--805},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{downie_major_2010,

title = {Major clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences},

author = {Stephen R Downie and Krzysztof Spalik and Deborah S Katz-Downie and Jean-Pierre Reduron},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Plant Diversity and Evolution},

volume = {128},

number = {1},

pages = {111--136},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_amphitropic_2010,

title = {Amphitropic amphiantarctic disjunctions in Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae},

author = {K Spalik and M Piwczyński and C A Danderson and R Kurzyna-Młynik and T S Bone and S R Downie},

year  = {2010},

date = {2010-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Biogeography},

volume = {37},

number = {10},

pages = {1977--1994},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_generic_2009,

title = {Generic delimitations within the Sium alliance (Apiaceae tribe Oenantheae) inferred from cpDNA rps16-5′trnK (UUU) and nrDNA ITS sequences},

author = {K Spalik and S R Downie and M F Watson},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-01-01},

journal = {Taxon},

volume = {58},

number = {3},

pages = {735--748},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{kurzyna-mlynik_phylogenetic_2008,

title = {Phylogenetic position of the genus Ferula (Apiaceae) and its placement in tribe Scandiceae as inferred from nrDNA ITS sequence variation},

author = {R Kurzyna-Młynik and A A Oskolski and S R Downie and R Kopacz and A Wojewódzka and K Spalik},

url = {http://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-008-0022-2},

doi = {10.1007/s00606-008-0022-2},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-01-01},

journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_intercontinental_2007,

title = {Intercontinental disjunctions in Cryptotaenia (Apiaceae, Oenantheae): An appraisal using molecular data},

author = {K Spalik and S R Downie},

year  = {2007},

date = {2007-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Biogeography},

volume = {34},

number = {12},

pages = {2039--2054},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_evolutionary_2006,

title = {The evolutionary history of Sium sensu lato (Apiaceae): dispersal, vicariance, and domestication as inferred from ITS rDNA phylogeny.},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik and Stephen R Downie},

url = {http://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.5.747},

doi = {10.3732/ajb.93.5.747},

year  = {2006},

date = {2006-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Botany},

volume = {93},

number = {5},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_molecular_2005,

title = {Molecular systematics of the trans-Pacific alpine genus Oreomyrrhis (Apiaceae): phylogenetic affinities and biogeographic implications.},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik},

url = {http://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.12.2054},

doi = {10.3732/ajb.92.12.2054},

year  = {2005},

date = {2005-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Botany},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{hardway_circumscription_2004,

title = {Circumscription of Apiaceae tribe Oenantheae},

author = {T M Hardway and K Spalik and M F Watson and D S Katz-Downie and S R Downie},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {South African Journal of Botany},

volume = {70},

number = {3},

pages = {393--406},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_phylogenetic_2004,

title = {The phylogenetic position of Peucedanum sensu lato and allied genera and their placement in tribe Selineae (Apiaceae, subfamily Apioideae)},

author = {K Spalik and J -P Reduron and S R Downie},

year  = {2004},

date = {2004-01-01},

journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},

volume = {243},

number = {3-4},

pages = {189--210},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{stankovic_recent_2002,

title = {Recent origin of sub-Antarctic notothenioids},

author = {A Stankovic and K Spalik and E Kamler and P Borsuk and P Weglenski},

year  = {2002},

date = {2002-01-01},

journal = {Polar Biology},

volume = {25},

number = {3},

pages = {203--205},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_delimitation_2001,

title = {Delimitation of genera in Apiaceae with examples from Scandiceae subtribe Scandicinae},

author = {K Spalik and A Wojewódzka and S R Downie},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Edinburgh Journal of Botany},

volume = {58},

number = {2},

pages = {331--346},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{katana_phylogenetic_2001,

title = {Phylogenetic position of Koliella (chlorophyta) as inferred from nuclear and chloroplast small subunit rDNA},

author = {A Katana and J Kwiatowski and K Spalik and B Zakryś and E Szalacha and H Szymańska},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Journal of Phycology},

volume = {37},

number = {3},

pages = {443--451},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_evolution_2001,

title = {The evolution of fruit in Scandiceae subtribe Scandicinae (Apiaceae)},

author = {K Spalik and A Wojewódzka and S R Downie},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Botany},

volume = {79},

number = {11},

pages = {1358--1374},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_utility_2001,

title = {The utility of morphological characters for inferring phylogeny in Scandiceae subtribe Scandicinae (Apiaceae)},

author = {K Spalik and S R Downie},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden},

volume = {88},

number = {2},

pages = {270--301},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{downie_tribes_2001,

title = {Tribes and clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: the contribution of molecular data},

author = {S R Downie and G M Plunkett and M F Watson and K Spalik and D S Katz-Downie and C M Valiejo-Roman and E I Terentieva and A V Troitsky and B Lee and J Lahham and A El-Oqlah},

year  = {2001},

date = {2001-01-01},

journal = {Edinburgh Journal of Botany},

volume = {58},

number = {02},

pages = {301--330},

note = {Publisher: Cambridge Univ Press},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{downie_phylogeny_2000,

title = {A phylogeny of Apiaceae tribe Scandiceae: Evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences},

author = {S R Downie and D S Katz-Downie and K Spalik},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {American Journal of Botany},

volume = {87},

number = {1},

pages = {76--95},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{downie_molecular_2000,

title = {Molecular systematics of Old World Apioideae (Apiaceae): Relationships among some members of tribe Peucedaneae sensu lato, the placement of several island-endemic species, and resolution within the apioid superclade},

author = {S R Downie and M F Watson and K Spalik and D S Katz-Downie},

year  = {2000},

date = {2000-01-01},

journal = {Canadian Journal of Botany},

volume = {78},

number = {4},

pages = {506--528},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_revision_1997,

title = {Revision of Anthriscus (Apiaceae)},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik},

year  = {1997},

date = {1997-01-01},

journal = {Polish Botanical Studies},

volume = {13},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_species_1996,

title = {Species boundaries, phylogenetic relationships, and ecological differentiation in Anthriscus (Apiaceae)},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik},

year  = {1996},

date = {1996-01-01},

journal = {Plant Systematics and Evolution},

volume = {199},

number = {1-2},

pages = {17--32},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{reduron_genus_1995,

title = {The genus Anthriscus (Apiaceae) in the French flora textbar Le genre Anthriscus (Apiaceae) dans la flore francaise},

author = {J -P Reduron and K Spalik},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Acta Botanica Gallica},

volume = {142},

number = {1},

pages = {55--96},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_typification_1995,

title = {Typification of the Boissier names in Anthriscus Pers. (Apiaceae)},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik},

year  = {1995},

date = {1995-01-01},

journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},

volume = {119},

number = {1},

pages = {77--86},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_regulation_1994,

title = {Regulation of pollen production in Anthriscus sylvestris, an andromonoecious species},

author = {K Spalik and S R Woodell},

year  = {1994},

date = {1994-01-01},

journal = {International Journal of Plant Sciences},

volume = {55},

number = {6},

pages = {750--754},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_evolution_1991,

title = {On evolution of andromonoecy and 'overproduction' of flowers: a resource allocation model},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik},

year  = {1991},

date = {1991-01-01},

journal = {Biological Journal of the Linnean Society},

volume = {42},

number = {3},

pages = {325--336},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{spalik_typification_1989,

title = {Typification of Linnaean Names Now in Anthriscus (Apiaceae)},

author = {Krzysztof Spalik and Charles E Jarvis},

year  = {1989},

date = {1989-01-01},

journal = {Taxon},

volume = {38},

number = {2},

pages = {288},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}